马里亚纳群岛及帛琉战役(日语:マリアナ・パラオ诸岛の戦い/マリアナ・パラオしょとうのたたかい;英语:Mariana and Palau Islands campaign)是1944年6月至11月发生在马里亚纳群岛及帛琉的战役。美军的攻势在切斯特·威廉·尼米兹的指挥下,紧跟随吉尔伯特及马绍尔群岛战事而展开,目的是攻占日军在中太平洋的军事基地,以支援同盟国重返菲律宾群岛,及提供基地对日本本土实施战略轰炸行动。
马里亚纳群岛战役
在攻势开始时,美国海军陆战队和美国陆军在美国海军的支援下,于1944年6月在塞班岛实施登陆,作为回应,日本帝国海军联合舰队对支援登陆的美国海军舰队实施打击,在6月19日–6月20日的菲律宾海海战航空母舰战役中,日本海军被打败,舰载机及岸基飞机遭到惨重损失。
之后,美军于1944年7月分别在关岛及天宁岛实施登陆,经过激烈的战斗后,美军在7月攻占塞班岛及在8月占领关岛和天宁岛,美军在塞班岛及天宁岛修建机场,至第二次世界大战结束前作为B-29超级堡垒轰炸机对日本本土实施战略轰炸的基地,包括原子弹轰炸广岛及长崎。
帛琉群岛战役
与此同时,为了保障美军攻击在菲律宾日军时的侧翼安全,1944年9月美国海军陆战队和美国陆军在帛琉的贝里琉及安加尔实施登陆,在贝里琉经过激烈的战斗后,该岛在1944年11月终于被美军占领。
总结
经过了在马里亚纳群岛及帛琉的登陆战役后,盟军继而成功地在1944年10月于菲律宾群岛和1945年1月在硫磺岛及琉球群岛实施登陆
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