锐滴虫目 (Oxymonadida) 是一类具有鞭毛的原生生物，大部分物种栖息在白蚁或其实食木昆虫的肠道内。锐滴虫目和副基体纲一样具有共生性的细菌，这些细菌可以协助分解纤维素。
锐滴虫目包括 Dinenympha、Pyrsonympha，和 Oxymonas 三个属[1]。
特征
大部分物种体长约 50 μm，具有一个细胞核和四根鞭毛。锐滴虫目的基体 (basal body) 生有数根向细胞末端延伸的微管，形成轴柱，但锐滴虫目的轴柱与副基体纲的轴柱构造相异。锐滴虫目可以用轴柱游泳，游泳时轴柱会成波浪状。锐滴虫目有一种纤维构造称作前轴柱，前轴柱将四根鞭毛分为两对。有些物种具有多个细胞核、多根鞭毛，和多根轴柱。
与三鞭毛虫属的关系
三鞭毛虫属 (Trimastix) 是一种自由生活的鞭毛虫，亲缘关系接近锐滴虫目[2]。三鞭毛虫属缺少粒线体，拥有四根被前轴柱分成两对的鞭毛，与锐滴虫目不同的是，三鞭毛虫拥有食槽 (feeding groove)。锐滴虫目和三鞭毛虫属都属于古虫界后滴门 (metamonad)。
分类
- Order Oxymonadida Grassé 1952 emend. Cavalier-Smith 2003[3]
- Family Oxymonadidae Kirby 1928 [Oxymonadaceae]
- Genus ?Barroella Zeliff 1944 [Kirbyella Zeliff 1930 non Kirkaldy 1906 non Bolivar 1909]
- Genus ?Metasaccinobaculus Freitas 1945
- Genus ?Tubulimonoides Krishnamurthy & Sultana 1976
- Genus Microrhopalodina Grassé & Foa 1911 [Proboscidiella Kofoid & Swezy 1926; Opisthomitus Grassé 1952 non Duboscq & Grassé 1934]
- Genus Oxymonas Janicki 1915
- Genus Sauromonas Grassé & Hollande 1952
- Family Polymastigidae Bütschli 1884 [Polymastigaceae]
- Genus ?Brachymonas Grassé 1952 non Hiraishi et al. 1995
- Genus ?Paranotila Cleveland 1966
- Genus Monocercomonoides Travis 1932
- Genus Polymastix Bütschli 1884 non Gruber 1884
- Family Pyrsonymphidae Grassé 1892 [Pyrsonymphaceae; Dinenymphaceae]
- Genus Dinenympha Leidy 1877
- Genus Pyrsonympha Leidy 1877 [Pyrsonema Kent 1881; Lophophora Comes 1910 non Coulter 1894 non Kraatz 1895 non Moeschler 1890]
- Family Saccinobaculidae Brugerolle & Lee 2002 ex Cavalier-Smith 2012
- Genus Notila Cleveland 1950
- Genus Saccinobaculus Cleveland-Hall & Sanders & Collier 1934
- Family Streblomastigidae Kofoid & Swezy 1919 [Streblomastigaceae]
- Genus Streblomastix Kofoid & Swezy 1920
- Family Oxymonadidae Kirby 1928 [Oxymonadaceae]
参考文献
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