蒙古族音乐气势辽阔,民歌主要分为长调和短调两种。
长调流行于内蒙古草原牧区,其旋律舒展,起伏跌宕,有草原的辽阔气象,大气磅礴,节奏自由,多用颤音和上滑音,一般由两个乐句组成,经常使用“啊,呵依”等拟声字。著名的曲目如《赞歌》等,伴奏多用马头琴(морин хуур)、四胡和火不思等。
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