胸腔镜是一种可以观察胸腔的内窥镜。医生可以用胸腔镜来检查胸腔或进行电视辅助胸腔镜手术。一般医生在胸腔镜检查病患时会让患者全身麻醉或局部麻醉[1][2]。已知首次胸腔镜检查出现于1865年[3]。1910年，瑞典内科医生对胸腔镜检查进行改进。
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