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红豆杉为常绿乔木，可以高达14米。小枝互生，到秋天变黄绿色或淡红褐色；冬芽鳞片背部圆或有钝棱脊；镰刀形叶子，二列式，长1.5－3厘米，比其他红豆杉属的更阔，末端尖而细小，叶底有两道黄间气孔带，中脉带上有密生均匀而微小的圆形角质乳头状突起点，常与气孔带同色，稀色较浅；花腋生，雌雄异株，雌花只有一个胚珠，下托鳞片数枚；扁卵形种子，两侧各有一不明显的棱脊，围有红色杯状假种皮。
红豆杉南北各地均适宜种植，喜荫、耐旱、抗寒。要求土壤PH值在5.5至7.0。[2]
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