硼的同位素
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硼(原子量:10.811(7))共有14个已知同位素,质量数介于7-19之间,其中有2个是稳定的,其他都具有放射性。天然存在的硼同位素有2个,分别是10B和11B,皆为稳定同位素。其他放射性同位素都不出现在自然界中,只有在实验室制造出来过,且半衰期都极短,非常不稳定。
图表
更多信息 符号, Z ...
符号 | Z | N | 同位素质量(u) [n 1][n 2] |
半衰期 [n 2] |
衰变 方式[3] |
衰变 产物 [n 3] |
原子核 自旋[n 1] |
相对丰度 (莫耳分率)[n 2] |
相对丰度 的变化量 (莫耳分率) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
7B | 5 | 2 | 7.02992(8) | 350(50)×10−24 s [1.4(2) MeV] |
p | 6 Be [n 4] |
(3⁄2−) | ||
8B[n 5] | 5 | 3 | 8.0246072(11) | 770(3) ms | β+, α | 2 4 He |
2+ | ||
9B | 5 | 4 | 9.0133288(11) | 800(300)×10−21 s [0.54(21) keV] |
p | 8 Be [n 6] |
3⁄2− | ||
10B | 5 | 5 | 10.0129370(4) | 稳定 | 3+ | 0.199(7) | 0.18929–0.20386 | ||
11 B |
5 | 6 | 11.0093054(4) | 稳定 | 3⁄2− | 0.801(7) | 0.79614–0.81071 | ||
12B | 5 | 7 | 12.0143521(15) | 20.20(2) ms | β− (98.4%) | 12 C |
1+ | ||
β−, α (1.6%) | 8 Be [n 7] | ||||||||
13B | 5 | 8 | 13.0177802(12) | 17.33(17) ms | β− (99.72%) | 13 C |
3⁄2− | ||
β−, n (0.279%) | 12 C | ||||||||
14B | 5 | 9 | 14.025404(23) | 12.5(5) ms | β− (93.96%) | 14 C |
2− | ||
β−, n (6.04%) | 13 C | ||||||||
15B | 5 | 10 | 15.031103(24) | 9.87(7) ms | β−, n (93.6%) | 14 C |
3⁄2− | ||
β− (6.0%) | 15 C | ||||||||
β−, 2n (0.40%) | 13 C | ||||||||
16B | 5 | 11 | 16.03981(6) | <190×10−12 s [<0.1 MeV] |
n | 15 B |
0− | ||
17B[n 8] | 5 | 12 | 17.04699(18) | 5.08(5) ms | β−, n (63.0%) | 16 C |
(3⁄2−) | ||
β− (22.1%) | 17 C | ||||||||
β−, 2n (11.0%) | 15 C | ||||||||
β−, 3n (3.5%) | 14 C | ||||||||
β−, 4n (0.40%) | 13 C | ||||||||
18B | 5 | 13 | 18.05560(22) | <26 ns | n | 17 B |
(4−) | ||
19B[n 8] | 5 | 14 | 19.06417(56) | 2.92(13) ms | β− | 19 C |
(3⁄2−) | ||
20B[4] | 5 | 15 | 20.07451(59) | > 912.4 ys | n | 19 B |
(1−, 2-) | ||
21B[4] | 5 | 16 | 21.08415(60) | > 760 ys | 2n | 19 B |
(3⁄2−) |
关闭
- 画上#号的数据代表没有经过实验的证明,仅为理论推测。
- 用括号括起来的数据代表不确定性。
- Subsequently decays by double proton emission to 4He for a net reaction of 7B → 4He + 3 1H
- Has 1 halo(英语:halo nucleus) proton
- immediately decays into two α particles, for a net reaction of 9B → 2 4He + 1H
- Immediately decays into two α particles, for a net reaction of 12B → 3 4He + e−
- Has 2 halo neutrons
硼-8
参考文献
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- Meija, Juris; et al. Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2016, 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
- Universal Nuclide Chart. nucleonica. [2015-09-07]. (原始内容存档于2017-02-19).
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. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.262502.
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. doi:10.1142/S0217751X04019093.
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. doi:10.1007/JHEP05(2016)118.
- Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
- Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report) (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005) (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆).
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) (retrieved Sept. 2005).
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