生物聚合物

生物聚合物^[1]（英语：Biopolymer）又称为生物多聚体、生物聚合体或生物高分子，是由活的生物体产生的聚合物。因为他们是聚合物，生物聚合物包含有单体单元，相互之间以共价键相连以形成更大的结构。根据所使用的单体以及形成的生物聚合物的不同，主要有三大类主要的生物聚合物：多核苷酸是由13个或更多核苷酸单体所组成的长聚合物，多肽是氨基酸的短聚合物，而多糖通常是糖类线性链接而成的结构 ^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]。生物聚合物的其它实例包括橡胶，木栓质，黑色素和木质素。

纤维素是地球上最常见的有机化合物和生物聚合物。大约33％的所有植物物质是纤维素。棉花的纤维素含量为90％，而木材的是50％^[6]。

[1]
存档副本. [2021-06-20]. （原始内容存档于2021-06-24）.
[2]
Mohanty, A.K., et al., Natural Fibers, Biopolymers, and Biocomposites (CRC Press, 2005)
[3]
Chandra, R., and Rustgi, R., Biodegradable Polymers, Progress in Polymer Science, Vol. 23, p. 1273 (1998)
[4]
Meyers, M.A., et al., Biological Materials: Structure & Mechanical Properties, Progress in Materials Science, Vol. 53, p. 1 (2008)
[5]
Kumar, A., et al., Smart Polymers: Physical Forms & Bioengineering Applications, Progress in Polymer Science, Vol. 32, p.1205 (2007)
[6]
Klemm, D., Heublein, B., Fink, H., and Bohn, A., Cellulose: Fascinating Biopolymer/Sustainable Raw Material, Ang. Chemie (Intl. Edn.) Vol. 44, p. 3358 (2004)

[1] [1]
存档副本. [2021-06-20]. （原始内容存档于2021-06-24）.

[2] [2]
Mohanty, A.K., et al., Natural Fibers, Biopolymers, and Biocomposites (CRC Press, 2005)

[3] [3]
Chandra, R., and Rustgi, R., Biodegradable Polymers, Progress in Polymer Science, Vol. 23, p. 1273 (1998)

[4] [4]
Meyers, M.A., et al., Biological Materials: Structure & Mechanical Properties, Progress in Materials Science, Vol. 53, p. 1 (2008)

[5] [5]
Kumar, A., et al., Smart Polymers: Physical Forms & Bioengineering Applications, Progress in Polymer Science, Vol. 32, p.1205 (2007)

[6] [6]
Klemm, D., Heublein, B., Fink, H., and Bohn, A., Cellulose: Fascinating Biopolymer/Sustainable Raw Material, Ang. Chemie (Intl. Edn.) Vol. 44, p. 3358 (2004)

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生物聚合物

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