海座星 (edrioasteroids),又称座海星 ,是一类已灭绝 的棘皮动物 ,生存于寒武纪 中期至二叠纪 。海座星营固着滤食生活,无茎(Column),身体扁平,球形或圆柱形,从背部中央的口 辐射出的五条步带 沟是海座星的典型特征,步带沟里长有特殊的管足 ,用来输送食物到口中。
Foerstediscus splendens
Quick Facts 科学分类, 目 ...
海座星纲
Streptaster vorticellatus (直径13毫米 ),产自美国 肯塔基州 上奥陶统
科学分类
界:
动物界 Animalia
门:
棘皮动物门 Echinodermata
纲:
† 海座星纲 EdrioasteroideaBillings, 1858
目
Cyathocystida
海座星目 Edrioasterida
Isorophida
海蒲团目 Camptostromatoida ?
垫海蕾目 Edrioblastoida ?
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海座星在棘皮动物门中的具体分类地位尚无共识,有文献将海座星纲归入海胆亚门 [ 1] [ 2] [ 3] [ 4] ,也有资料将其归入海百合亚门 [ 5] ,还有假说认为海座星纲是棘皮动物较早分化的干群 ,不属于任何亚门。[ 6] [ 7] [ 8]
仅列出部分属。
?Arkarua
Walcottidiscus (最古老的海座星,来自于中寒武纪 的伯吉斯页岩 )
Stromatocystites
S. pentangularis
S. reduncus
S. walcotti
Kailidiscus
海座星属 Edrioaster (模式属)
Edriophus
Paredriophus
Totiglobus
Cambraster
Edriodiscus
Lebedodiscus
费氏海座星属 Foerstediscus
Cystaster
Cryptogoleus
Bellochthus
Streptaster
Cryptogoleus
Carneyella
C. pilea
C. faberi
C. ulrichi
Isorophus
Isorophusella
海蒲团属 Camptostroma
Rectitriordo
Agelacrinites
Krama
K. devonicum (Bassler), 1936
Parakrama
Hemicystites
H. bohemica
H. chapmani
H. devonicus
Neoisorophusella
N. lanei
N. berryi
N. maslennikovi
N. whitesidei
Curvitriordo
Thresherodiscus
T. ramosa (Foerste, 1914)
Postibulla
Parapostibulla
Eopostibulla
Pyrgopostibulla
Yorkicystis
Torquerisediscus
Cooperidiscus
Dynocystis
Stalticodiscus
Ulrichidiscus
Clavidiscus
Discocystis
Hypsiclavus
Spiraclavus
Giganticlavus
Lispidecodus
L. plinthotus (Kesling, 1967)
Fell, Howard and Sepkoski, John. "Echinozoa." Science, 2019-12
Guensberg, Thomas and Sprinkle, James. "Revised Phylogeny and Functional Interpretation of the Edrioasteroidea Based on New Taxa from the Early and Middle Ordovician of Western Utah." Chicago, Ill. : Field Museum of Natural, 1994.
Mooi, Rich. 2001-07, "Not All Written in Stone: Interdisciplinary Syntheses in Echinoderm Paleontology." Canadian Journal of Zoology, 79 (7) 1209-1231
Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560
S. Zamora, I. A. Rahman, C. D. Sumrall, A. P. Gibson, and J. R. Thompson. 2022. Cambrian edrioasteroid reveals new mechanism for secondary reduction of the skeleton in echinoderms. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 289 :20212733