概述
“根”者善根、性格,谓众生之善根与习性,如树木之根,能生发善心。“机”者机缘、因缘、时机。对众生说法,要考虑到其善根有无、几多,还要考虑到当时当地的因缘是否具足,是否可以方便教化,这种“因材施教”的方式称为对机说法、应机说法、临机应变、随机应变,汉语成语“随机应变”就是从此而来。
根性优者,能解佛陀甚深法义,或能持戒坚固、行善顺利,谓之利根;根性不优者,不能听受佛陀法义,持戒屡受屡犯,或善心乏少,谓之钝根、劣根;两者合称“二根”[1]。
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