多彩海麒麟科[3]（学名：Chromodorididae），亦作多彩海蛞蝓科或多彩海牛科，是一个色彩缤纷的海蛞蝓支序分类科，其多姿多彩在整个动物界也很少见[4]。旧属后鳃目，根据布歇特和洛克罗伊的腹足类分类 (2005年)，被划归裸侧类裸鳃类支序（Nudibranchia）的有角鳃类（Euctenidiacea）支序海牛亚目（Doridacea）海牛总科（Doridoidea）[2]。现时本科有超过360个已描述的物种，主要发现于热带及亚热带的水域，是所在地的珊瑚礁群落的成员，特别是在其猎物海绵的附近。
多彩海麒麟科
| |
|---|---|
| |
| Glossodoris atromarginata | |
科学分类 
| |
| 界： | 动物界 Animalia |
| 门： | 软体动物门 Mollusca |
| 纲： | 腹足纲 Gastropoda |
| 下纲： | 直神经下纲 Euthyneura |
| 群： | 露齿裸侧群 Ringipleura |
| 亚群： | 裸侧亚群 Nudipleura |
| 目： | 裸鳃目 Nudibranchia |
| 亚目： | 海牛亚目 Doridina |
| 下目： | 海牛下目 Doridoidei |
| 总科： | 海麒麟总科 Doridoidea |
| 科： | 多彩海麒麟科 Chromodorididae Bergh, 1891 |
| 模式属 | |
| 多彩海牛属 Chromodoris | |
| 属 | |
| 异名[1] | |
| |
在各个原属后鳃类的科，本科是物种最丰盛的一个[5]。它们的尺寸范围从<1 mm到超过30 cm，尽管大多数物种的尺寸约为2-3 cm[6][1]。
尽管本科物种广泛分布于全球，大多数物种都在印度洋-太平洋海域发现。根据Turner (2008)的研究，这个科分布最广泛的多个属（Mexichromis、Chromodoris、 Glossodoris及高泽海麒麟属 Hypselodoris）被发现为并系群或多系群[7]。
分类
本科之下的属计有[1]：
- Ardeadoris Rudman, 1984
- Berlanguella Ortea, Bacallado & Valdés, 1992 (although this has not been properly investigated)
- 法官海麒麟属 Cadinella Thiele, 1931[3]
- Ceratosoma J. E. Gray and M. E. Gray, 1850
- 多彩海牛属 Chromodoris Alder and Hacock, 1855[3]：模式属
- Diversidoris Rudman, 1987
- Doriprismatica d'Orbigny, 1839
- Felimare Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1967
- Felimida Marcus, 1971
- Glossodoris Ehrenberg, 1831
- Goniobranchus Pease, 1866
- Goniobranchus albomaculatus Pease, 1866
- Goniobranchus albonares (Rudman, 1990)
- Goniobranchus albopunctatus Garrett, 1879
- Goniobranchus albopustulosus (Pease, 1860)
- Goniobranchus alderi (Collingwood, 1881)
- Goniobranchus alius (Rudman, 1987)
- Goniobranchus annulatus (Eliot, 1904)
- Goniobranchus aureomarginatus (Cheeseman, 1881)
- Goniobranchus aureopurpureus (Collingwood, 1881)
- Goniobranchus aurigerus (Rudman, 1990)
- Goniobranchus bimaensis (Bergh, 1905)
- Goniobranchus bombayanus (Winckworth, 1946)
- Goniobranchus cavae (Eliot, 1904)
- Goniobranchus cazae (Gosliner & Behrens, 2004)
- Goniobranchus charlottae (Schrödl, 1999)
- Goniobranchus coi (Risbec, 1956)
- Goniobranchus collingwoodi (Rudman, 1987)
- Goniobranchus conchyliatus (Yonow, 1984)
- Goniobranchus daphne (Angas, 1864)
- Goniobranchus decorus (Pease, 1860)
- Goniobranchus epicurius (Basedow & Hedley, 1905)
- Goniobranchus fabulus Soong, Bonomo, Reimer & Gosliner, 2022[8]
- Goniobranchus fidelis (Kelaart, 1858)
- Goniobranchus galactos (Rudman & S.Johnson, 1985)
- Goniobranchus geminus (Rudman, 1987)
- Goniobranchus geometricus (Risbec, 1928)
- Goniobranchus gleniei (Kelaart, 1858)
- Goniobranchus heatherae (Gosliner, 1994)
- Goniobranchus hintuanensis (Gosliner & Behrens, 1998)
- Goniobranchus hunterae (Rudman, 1983)
- Goniobranchus kitae (Gosliner, 1994)
- Goniobranchus kuniei (Pruvot-Fol, 1930)
- Goniobranchus lekker (Gosliner, 1994)
- Goniobranchus leopardus (Rudman, 1987)
- Goniobranchus loringi (Angas, 1864)
- Goniobranchus multimaculosus (Rudman, 1987)
- Goniobranchus obsoletus (Rüppell & Leuckart, 1830)
- Goniobranchus petechialis (Gould, 1852)
- Goniobranchus preciosus (Kelaart, 1858)
- Goniobranchus pruna (Gosliner, 1994)
- Goniobranchus pseudodecorus Yonow, 2018
- Goniobranchus reticulatus Pease, 1866
- Goniobranchus roboi (Gosliner & Behrens, 1998)
- Goniobranchus rubrocornutus (Rudman, 1985)
- Goniobranchus rufomaculatus (Pease, 1871)
- Goniobranchus setoensis (Baba, 1938)
- Goniobranchus sinensis (Rudman, 1985)
- Goniobranchus splendidus (Angas, 1864)
- Goniobranchus tasmaniensis (Bergh, 1905)
- Goniobranchus tennentanus (Kelaart, 1859)
- Goniobranchus thompsoni (Rudman, 1983)
- Goniobranchus tinctorius (Rüppell & Leuckart, 1830)
- Goniobranchus trimarginatus (Winckworth, 1946)
- Goniobranchus tritos (Yonow, 1994)
- Goniobranchus tumuliferus (Collingwood, 1881)
- Goniobranchus verrieri (Crosse, 1875)
- Goniobranchus vibratus (Pease, 1860)
- Goniobranchus woodwardae (Rudman, 1983)
- 高泽海麒麟属 Hypselodoris Stimpson, 1855[3]
- Mexichromis Bertsch, 1977
- Miamira Bergh, 1874
- Noumea Risbec, 1928
- Thorunna Bergh, 1878
- Tyrinna Bergh, 1898
- 以下各属被认为是其他属的异名：
- Actinodoris Ehrenberg, 1831 : synonym of Chromodoris Alder & Hancock, 1855[来源请求]
- Babaina Odhner in Franc, 1968 : synonym of Thorunna Bergh, 1878
- 波缘海麒麟属 Casella H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854[3]：是Glossodoris Ehrenberg, 1831的异名；
- Chromolaichma Bertsch, 1977 : synonym of Glossodoris Ehrenberg, 1831
- Crepidodoris Pagenstecher, 1877 : synonym of Glossodoris Ehrenberg, 1831
- Digidentis Rudman, 1984 : synonym of Thorunna
- Durvilledoris Rudman, 1984 : synonym of Mexichromis
- Jeanrisbecia Franc, 1968 : synonym of Risbecia Odhner, 1934 synonym of Hypselodoris Stimpson, 1855
- Lissodoris Odhner, 1934 : synonym of Chromodoris Alder & Hancock, 1855
- Orodoris Bergh, 1875 : synonym of Ceratosoma Gray, 1850
- Pectenodoris Rudman, 1984 : synonym of Mexichromis
- Pterodoris Ehrenberg, 1831 : synonym of Hypselodoris Stimpson, 1855
- Risbecia Odhner, 1934 : synonym of Hypselodoris
- Rosodoris Pruvot-Fol, 1954 : synonym of Glossodoris Ehrenberg, 1831
- Verconia Pruvot-Fol, 1931 : synonym of Noumea Risbec, 1928
-
Ardeadoris cruenta -
Ceratosoma tenue -
Chromodoris magnifica -
Diversidoris crocea -
Doriprismatica atromarginata -
Felimare cantabrica -
Felima krohni -
Glossodoris cincta -
Goniobranchus geminus -
Hypselodoris infucata -
Mexichromis multituberculata -
Noumea norba -
Thorunna australis
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参考文献
外部链接
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