多彩海麒麟科[3]（学名：Chromodorididae），亦作多彩海蛞蝓科或多彩海牛科，是一个色彩缤纷的海蛞蝓支序分类科，其多姿多彩在整个动物界也很少见[4]。旧属后鳃目，根据布歇特和洛克罗伊的腹足类分类 (2005年)，被划归裸侧类裸鳃类支序（Nudibranchia）的有角鳃类（Euctenidiacea）支序海牛亚目（Doridacea）海牛总科（Doridoidea）[2]。现时本科有超过360个已描述的物种，主要发现于热带及亚热带的水域，是所在地的珊瑚礁群落的成员，特别是在其猎物海绵的附近。
Quick Facts 多彩海麒麟科, 科学分类 ...
多彩海麒麟科
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| Glossodoris atromarginata
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科学分类 
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| 界：
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动物界 Animalia
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| 门：
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软体动物门 Mollusca
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| 纲：
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腹足纲 Gastropoda
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| 下纲：
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直神经下纲 Euthyneura
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| 群：
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露齿裸侧群 Ringipleura
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| 亚群：
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裸侧亚群 Nudipleura
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| 目：
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裸鳃目 Nudibranchia
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| 亚目：
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海牛亚目 Doridina
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| 下目：
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海牛下目 Doridoidei
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| 总科：
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海麒麟总科 Doridoidea
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| 科：
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多彩海麒麟科 Chromodorididae
Bergh, 1891
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| 模式属
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多彩海牛属 Chromodoris
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| 属
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见内文
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| 异名[1]
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- Cadlinellinae Odhner, 1934
- Ceratosomatidae Gray, 1857 (Under Art. 23.9, declared nomen oblitum by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005[2])
- Doriprismaticinae H. Adams & A. Adams, 1858 (Under Art. 23.9, declared nomen oblitum by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005[2])
- Glossodorididae O'Donoghue, 1924
- Lissodoridinae Odhner, 1968
- Miamiridae Bergh, 1891
- Thorunninae Odhner, 1926
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Close
在各个原属后鳃类的科，本科是物种最丰盛的一个[5]。它们的尺寸范围从<1 mm到超过30 cm，尽管大多数物种的尺寸约为2-3 cm[6][1]。
尽管本科物种广泛分布于全球，大多数物种都在印度洋-太平洋海域发现。根据Turner (2008)的研究，这个科分布最广泛的多个属（Mexichromis、Chromodoris、 Glossodoris及高泽海麒麟属 Hypselodoris）被发现为并系群或多系群[7]。
本科之下的属计有[1]：
- Ardeadoris Rudman, 1984
- Berlanguella Ortea, Bacallado & Valdés, 1992 (although this has not been properly investigated)
- 法官海麒麟属 Cadinella Thiele, 1931[3]
- Ceratosoma J. E. Gray and M. E. Gray, 1850
- 多彩海牛属 Chromodoris Alder and Hacock, 1855[3]：模式属
- Diversidoris Rudman, 1987
- Doriprismatica d'Orbigny, 1839
- Felimare Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1967
- Felimida Marcus, 1971
- Glossodoris Ehrenberg, 1831
- Goniobranchus Pease, 1866
- Goniobranchus albomaculatus Pease, 1866
- Goniobranchus albonares (Rudman, 1990)
- Goniobranchus albopunctatus Garrett, 1879
- Goniobranchus albopustulosus (Pease, 1860)
- Goniobranchus alderi (Collingwood, 1881)
- Goniobranchus alius (Rudman, 1987)
- Goniobranchus annulatus (Eliot, 1904)
- Goniobranchus aureomarginatus (Cheeseman, 1881)
- Goniobranchus aureopurpureus (Collingwood, 1881)
- Goniobranchus aurigerus (Rudman, 1990)
- Goniobranchus bimaensis (Bergh, 1905)
- Goniobranchus bombayanus (Winckworth, 1946)
- Goniobranchus cavae (Eliot, 1904)
- Goniobranchus cazae (Gosliner & Behrens, 2004)
- Goniobranchus charlottae (Schrödl, 1999)
- Goniobranchus coi (Risbec, 1956)
- Goniobranchus collingwoodi (Rudman, 1987)
- Goniobranchus conchyliatus (Yonow, 1984)
- Goniobranchus daphne (Angas, 1864)
- Goniobranchus decorus (Pease, 1860)
- Goniobranchus epicurius (Basedow & Hedley, 1905)
- Goniobranchus fabulus Soong, Bonomo, Reimer & Gosliner, 2022[8]
- Goniobranchus fidelis (Kelaart, 1858)
- Goniobranchus galactos (Rudman & S.Johnson, 1985)
- Goniobranchus geminus (Rudman, 1987)
- Goniobranchus geometricus (Risbec, 1928)
- Goniobranchus gleniei (Kelaart, 1858)
- Goniobranchus heatherae (Gosliner, 1994)
- Goniobranchus hintuanensis (Gosliner & Behrens, 1998)
- Goniobranchus hunterae (Rudman, 1983)
- Goniobranchus kitae (Gosliner, 1994)
- Goniobranchus kuniei (Pruvot-Fol, 1930)
- Goniobranchus lekker (Gosliner, 1994)
- Goniobranchus leopardus (Rudman, 1987)
- Goniobranchus loringi (Angas, 1864)
- Goniobranchus multimaculosus (Rudman, 1987)
- Goniobranchus obsoletus (Rüppell & Leuckart, 1830)
- Goniobranchus petechialis (Gould, 1852)
- Goniobranchus preciosus (Kelaart, 1858)
- Goniobranchus pruna (Gosliner, 1994)
- Goniobranchus pseudodecorus Yonow, 2018
- Goniobranchus reticulatus Pease, 1866
- Goniobranchus roboi (Gosliner & Behrens, 1998)
- Goniobranchus rubrocornutus (Rudman, 1985)
- Goniobranchus rufomaculatus (Pease, 1871)
- Goniobranchus setoensis (Baba, 1938)
- Goniobranchus sinensis (Rudman, 1985)
- Goniobranchus splendidus (Angas, 1864)
- Goniobranchus tasmaniensis (Bergh, 1905)
- Goniobranchus tennentanus (Kelaart, 1859)
- Goniobranchus thompsoni (Rudman, 1983)
- Goniobranchus tinctorius (Rüppell & Leuckart, 1830)
- Goniobranchus trimarginatus (Winckworth, 1946)
- Goniobranchus tritos (Yonow, 1994)
- Goniobranchus tumuliferus (Collingwood, 1881)
- Goniobranchus verrieri (Crosse, 1875)
- Goniobranchus vibratus (Pease, 1860)
- Goniobranchus woodwardae (Rudman, 1983)
- 高泽海麒麟属 Hypselodoris Stimpson, 1855[3]
- Mexichromis Bertsch, 1977
- Miamira Bergh, 1874
- Noumea Risbec, 1928
- Thorunna Bergh, 1878
- Tyrinna Bergh, 1898
- 以下各属被认为是其他属的异名：
- Actinodoris Ehrenberg, 1831 : synonym of Chromodoris Alder & Hancock, 1855[来源请求]
- Babaina Odhner in Franc, 1968 : synonym of Thorunna Bergh, 1878
- 波缘海麒麟属 Casella H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854[3]：是Glossodoris Ehrenberg, 1831的异名；
- Chromolaichma Bertsch, 1977 : synonym of Glossodoris Ehrenberg, 1831
- Crepidodoris Pagenstecher, 1877 : synonym of Glossodoris Ehrenberg, 1831
- Digidentis Rudman, 1984 : synonym of Thorunna
- Durvilledoris Rudman, 1984 : synonym of Mexichromis
- Jeanrisbecia Franc, 1968 : synonym of Risbecia Odhner, 1934 synonym of Hypselodoris Stimpson, 1855
- Lissodoris Odhner, 1934 : synonym of Chromodoris Alder & Hancock, 1855
- Orodoris Bergh, 1875 : synonym of Ceratosoma Gray, 1850
- Pectenodoris Rudman, 1984 : synonym of Mexichromis
- Pterodoris Ehrenberg, 1831 : synonym of Hypselodoris Stimpson, 1855
- Risbecia Odhner, 1934 : synonym of Hypselodoris
- Rosodoris Pruvot-Fol, 1954 : synonym of Glossodoris Ehrenberg, 1831
- Verconia Pruvot-Fol, 1931 : synonym of Noumea Risbec, 1928
Edmunds, M. Opishtobranchiate Mollusca from Ghana: Chromodorididae. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 71: 175–201. 1981 （英语）.: “Chromodorid nudibranchs are among the most gorgeously colored of all animals.”
Gosliner, T.M.; Behrens, D.W.; Valdes, A. Indo-Pacific Nudibranchs and Sea Slugs: A field guide to the World's most diverse fauna. Sea Challengers Natural History Books and the California Academy of Sciences. 2008.
Turner, LM; Wilson, NG. Polyphyly across oceans: a molecular phylogeny of the Chromodorididae (Mollusca, Nudibranchia). Zoologica Scripta. 2008, 37: 23–42 （英语）.
Giun Yee Soong, Lynn J. Bonomo, James D. Reimer and Terrence M. Gosliner. 2022. Battle of the Bands: Systematics and Phylogeny of the white Goniobranchus nudibranchs with marginal bands (Nudibranchia, Chromodorididae). ZooKeys. 1083: 169-210. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1083.72939
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