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基因库或基因池（英语：gene pool）是指同一种群中全部个体所含有的全部基因的集合[1]。
因此，每个个体所拥有的基因都是该族群各个成员所共享的。比如黑人、白人、黄种人皆共享人类的基因库，而人类、黑猩猩、猕猴等皆共享灵长类基因库。
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