舷

舷，分别在船身的左及右边。根据国际惯例，左舷被称为Port，右舷被称为Starboard。

玛丽皇后二号的左舷

海洋自由号的右舷

英文词源

左舷（Port）

Port源于larboard，由中古英语ladebord演变而成。由于larboard听起来容易与starboard混淆^[1] ，是以1844年之后由“Port”所取代。左舷被称为“Port”，亦因为传统上，船只是左边靠岸或码头的。

右舷（Starboard）

公元256年船员操桨于船尾控制方向

Starboard的叫法源于西方早期船只方向控制的习惯。在舵发明之前，船员会以特制的桨于船尾控制方向。由于多数船员为右撇子，船桨多数絟于船的右方。Starboard源于古英语steorbord一词，意思是控制船只方向的那一方。

参考

1. Norie, John William; Hobbs, J. S. Sailing directions for the Bay of Biscay, including the coasts of France and Spain, from Ushant to Cape Finisterre "A new ed., rev. and considerably improved". C. Wilson. 1847: 1 [1840] [7 February 2010]. OCLC 41208722. （原始内容存档于2020-08-20）. An order, recently issued by the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty, states, that in order to prevent mistakes, which frequently occur from the similarity of the words starboard and larboard, in future, the word port is to be substituted for larboard, in all Her Majesty’s ships or vessels.

伸延阅读

• Herreshoff, Halsey, (consulting editor) (1983) The Sailor’s Handbook, Little Brown and Company
• Jobson, Gary (1987) Sailing Fundamentals, Simon & Schuster
• Maloney, Elbert S., (editor) (1999) Chapman Piloting: Seamanship & Small Boat Handling, Hearst Marine Books, New York
• Rousmaniere, John (1999) The Annapolis Book of Seamanship, Simon & Schuster
• Seidman, David (1995) The Complete Sailor, International Marine

外部链接

• The origins of 'port' and 'starboard' at the UK National Maritime Museum website