卡耶

卡耶部落（土耳其语：Kayı boyu）是乌古斯突厥人部落联盟的其中一员。据11世纪时的学者麻赫穆德·喀什噶里的研究，卡耶部落的塔木加印记写作，而“卡耶”一词的意义是：“因关系而获得力量与权力者”。

卡耶部落的塔木加印记

依照奥斯曼帝国的传统观点认为，帝国创始者奥斯曼一世的先祖是来自卡耶部落的成员^[1][2][3]。然而，现今许多历史学家对这项说法提出了严肃的批判与质疑。因为有关奥斯曼一世拥有卡耶部落血统的唯一证据，仅有来自15世纪才写成的族谱可供参考，也就是直到奥斯曼一世逝世一百多年后，奥斯曼官方才开始宣称奥斯曼皇室是来自卡耶部落的后裔。更重要的是，奥斯曼帝国现存最早的家谱根本没有提及奥斯曼家族与卡耶部落有任何关连，这代表有关奥斯曼家族是来自卡耶部落的说法，极有可能是日后奥斯曼历史学者所虚构的^[4]。

相关条目

• 奥斯曼王朝
• 埃尔图鲁尔加齐
• 苏莱曼沙阿

参考资料

1. "Some Ottoman genealogies claim, perhaps fancifully, descent from Kayı.", Carter Vaughn Findley, The Turks in World History, pp. 50, 2005, Oxford University Press; Shaw, Stanford Jay. History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Cambridge University Press, 1976, p. 306
2. Ottoman Empire. Britannica Online Encyclopedia. [11 February 2013]. （原始内容存档于2008-04-26）.
3. Atalay, Besim (2006). Divanü Lügati't - Türk. Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi. ISBN 975-16-0405-2, Cilt I, sayfa 55.
4. Kafadar, Cemal. Between Two Worlds: The Construction of the Ottoman State. 1995: 122. That they hailed from the Kayı branch of the Oğuz confederacy seems to be a creative "rediscovery" in the genealogical concoction of the fifteenth century. It is missing not only in Ahmedi but also, and more importantly, in the Yahşi Fakih-Aşıkpaşazade narrative, which gives its own version of an elaborate genealogical family tree going back to Noah. If there was a particularly significant claim to Kayı lineage, it is hard to imagine that Yahşi Fakih would not have heard of it.

   • Lowry, Heath. The Nature of the Early Ottoman State. SUNY Press. 2003: 78. ISBN 0-7914-5636-6. Based on these charters, all of which were drawn up between 1324 and 1360 (almost one hundred fifty years prior to the emergence of the Ottoman dynastic myth identifying them as members of the Kayı branch of the Oguz federation of Turkish tribes), we may posit that...
   • Lindner, Rudi Paul. Nomads and Ottomans in Medieval Anatolia. Indiana University Press. 1983: 10. In fact, no matter how one were to try, the sources simply do not allow the recovery of a family tree linking the antecedents of Osman to the Kayı of the Oğuz tribe.

参考文献

• Kafesoğlu, İbrahim. Türk Milli Kültürü. Türk Kültürünü Araştırma Enstitüsü, 1977. page 134 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• Gmyrya, L. 1995. "Hun country at the Caspian Gate: Caspian Dagestan during the epoch of the Great Movement of Peoples". Makhachkala: Dagestan Publishing