二氧化碳光电化学还原反应是二氧化碳借助入射光的能量还原为一氧化碳或碳氢化合物的化学过程。这一反应需要催化剂,其中大部分都是半导体材料。贾科莫·恰米奇安最先于1912年提出了这个反应的可行性。
CO2还原的热力势能(vs. NHE,pH = 7)列入下表,CO2至CO2 · −自由基的单电子还原反应在E° = −1.90 V(vs. NHE,pH = 7)水溶液中于25 °C、1 atm下发生。[1]
CO 2 + 2 H+ + 2 e− → CO + H 2O |
E0 = −0.53 V |
CO 2 + 2 H+ + 2 e− → HCOOH |
E0 = −0.61 V |
CO 2 + 4 H+ + 4 e− → HCHO + H 2O |
E0 = −0.48 V |
CO 2 + 6 H+ + 6 e− → CH 3OH + H 2O |
E0 = −0.38 V |
CO 2 + 8 H+ + 8 e− → CH 4 + 2 H 2O |
E0 = −0.24 V |
CO 2 + e− → CO− 2 |
E0 = −1.90 V |
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