国际纯化学和应用化学联合会（International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry，IUPAC）简称国际化联，又译国际纯粹与应用化学联合会、国际纯化学与应用化学联盟、国际纯化学与应用化学协会、国际理论与应用化学联合会或国际理论与应用化学联盟，是一个联合国家会员组织，代表各国化学家的国际联盟，属国际科学理事会（ISC）的成员之一[1]。IUPAC的国际总部设于瑞士苏黎世；其行政办公室，或称IUPAC秘书处，位于美国北卡罗莱纳州的三角研究园。这所行政办公室由IUPAC的理事长带领[2]。截至2012年8月1日的理事长为John D. Petersen博士[3]。
Michael D. Gordin. Scientific Babel How Science Was Done Before and After Global English. University of Chicago Press. 13 April 2015: 178–180. ISBN 978-0-226-00029-9（英语）. If the Boycott of German scholars from conferences was the short-term punishment for perceived misdeeds during the war, the IRC's second action would have more lasting consequences for the fate of German as a scientific language. ... To this day, IUPAC governs global chemistry, serving the court of final recourse to adjudicate discovery claims of new elements (and the right to name them, thus creating the internationally recognized standard nomenclature that had been noticeably lacking in the nineteenth century). Like many of these organizations, IUPAC was actually a reactivation of a prewar institution -in this case, the International Association of Chemical Societies, proposed in 1910 by Wilhelm Ostwald and Albin Haller, president of the French Chemical Society -but now with the Germans excluded. Cutting out the Germans implied cutting out German. German had been an official language, with English and French of the International Association; it was just obvious to the IRC's movers and shakers that it would not be permitted at IUPAC. Concern over the dominance of German, especially within chemistry, had been simmering for some time. ... In all these international venues, German was proscribed, and only (alongside Italian) granted a subsidiary status in IUPAC in 1929. ... In 1932, for example, French was permitted as an official language at 351 (98.5%) of the international conferences that year, and English was 298 (83.5%). The boycott being over, German was officially permitted at 60.5% -nothing to sneeze at, but a far cry from the parity one would have expected in the prewar years.
Brown, Theodore L.; H. Eugene LeMay Jr, Bruce E Bursten. Chemistry The Central Science Tenth Edition. Pearson Books. 2006. ISBN 0-13-109686-9. 引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助)
Kaderas, Brigitte. Wissenschaften und Wissenschaftspolitik: Bestandsaufnahmen zu Formationen, Brüchen und Kontinuitäten im Deutschland des 20. Jahrhunderts. Franz Steiner Verlag. 2002. ISBN 3-515-08111-9（德语）.
