边际替代率（Marginal rate of substitution，MRS）是指在甲乙两种财货组合及保持效用不变的条件下，消费者每得到额外一单位财货甲之后要而必须放弃的财货乙的数量。
在帕累托最优情况下，任意两种财货的边际替代率是相同的。
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