经济学帝国主义

经济学帝国主义（英语：Economics imperialism）^[1]，指将经济学的理论和方法应用到传统上不属于经济学研究范畴的领域，^[2]例如犯罪经济学，^[3]法律经济学，^[4]家庭经济学，^[5]偏见经济学，^[6]口味经济学，^[7]非理性行为经济学，^[8]政治经济学，^[9]社会经济学,^[10]文化经济学，^[11]宗教经济学，^[12]战争经济学，^[13]科学经济学，^[14]和研究经济学。相关术语的使用可以追溯到20世纪30年代。^[15]

这样分析的出现归因于经济学方法，就像物理科学一样，它允许通过标准统计技术检验出实证经济的影响^[16]^[17]。这种方法的核心是由“效用最大化、稳定的偏好和市场均衡”组成，并完整地、全面地和从始至终地运用了它们。^[18]据称，这些以及经济效率重点关注的部分被其它的社会科学和"以入侵先前被定义为该学科范围以外的知识领域的被承认的经济学忽略了。^[19]

参见

注释

[1]
• Kenneth E. Boulding（英语：Kenneth_E._Boulding）, 1969. "Economics as a Moral Science," American Economic Review, 59(1), p. 8, pp 1–12.
•Ben Fine（英语：Ben_Fine）, 2000. " Economics Imperialism and Intellectual Progress: The Present as History of Economic Thought?" History of Economics Review, 32, pp. 10-36 互联网档案馆的存档，存档日期2012-04-26..
[2]
• Gary Becker, 1976. The Economic Approach to Human Behavior. Description （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） and preview （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）.
   • "Economic Imperialism," （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, 1993. [Interview of Gary Becker.] Religion & Liberty, 3(22).
   • George J. Stigler（英语：George_J._Stigler）, 1984. "Economics—The Imperial Science?" Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 86(3), pp. 301-313.
   • Mariano Tommasi and Kathryn Ierulli, ed., 1995. The New Economics of Human Behavior, Cambridge. Description （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） and preview. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
   • Uskali Mäki, 2009. "Economics Imperialism: Concept and Constraint," Philosophy of the Social Sciences, 39(3), pp. 351-380. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
[3]
• Gary Becker, 1968. "Crime and Punishment: An Economic Approach," Journal of Political Economy, 76(2), pp. 169-217. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• Steven D. Levitt（英语：Steven_D._Levitt） and Thomas J. Miles, 2008. "deterrence (empirical), economic analyses of," The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition. Abstract. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• Yves Zenou, 2008. "crime and the city," The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition. Abstract. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
[4]
• David D. Friedman（英语：David_D._Friedman）, 2000. Law's Order: What Economics Has to Do with Law and Why It Matters . Princeton. Description. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Scroll to chapter-preview links. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
   • A. Mitchell Polinsky and Steven Shavell, 2008. "law, economic analysis of," The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition. Abstract （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） and pre-publication copy （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）.
   • Richard A. Posner（英语：Richard_A._Posner）, 2010. Economic Analysis of Law, 8th edition, Aspen. Description （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） and contents （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）.
   • Ronald H. Coase（英语：Ronald_H._Coase）, 1978. "Economics and Contiguous Disciplines," Journal of Legal Studies, 7(2), pp. 201-211 互联网档案馆的存档，存档日期2013-09-09..
[5]
• Gary Becker, 1981, 1991, Enlarged ed.. A Treatise on the Family（英语：A_Treatise_on_the_Family）. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-90698-5. Publisher's description （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） & links to chapter previews. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• Gary Becker, 1987. "family," The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, v. 2, pp. 281-86. Reprinted in 1989, Social Economics: The New Palgrave, pp. 65 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）-76. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• John Ermisch, 2008. "family economics," The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition. Abstract （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）+ links to "Related Articles" Abstracts.
[6]
• Gary Becker, The Economics of Discrimination, 1957, 1971, 2nd ed., University of Chicago Press ISBN 0-226-04115-8. Description. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Scroll down to chapter-preview links. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
[7]
• Gary Becker, 1996, Accounting for Tastes, Harvard UP. ISBN 0-674-54356-4. Description （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） & preview. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
[8]
• Gary Becker, 1962. "Irrational Behavior and Economic Theory," Journal of Political Economy, 70(1), pp. 1-13. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
[9]
• Gordon Tullock（英语：Gordon_Tullock）, 1972. "Economic Imperialism," in Theory of Public Choice, pp. 317-29. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
[10]
• Richard Swedberg（英语：Richard_Swedberg）, 1990. Economics and Sociology: Redefining Their Boundaries: Conversations with Economists and Sociologists. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-00376-9, ISBN 978-0-691-00376-4 Description （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） and chapter-preview links, pp. v （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）- vi. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• Gary Becker and Kevin M. Murphy（英语：Kevin_M._Murphy）, 2001. Social Economics: Market Behavior in a Social Environment]Harvard University Press. Description （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） and TOC. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
[11]
• Raquel Fernández, 2008. "culture and economics." The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition. Abstract （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） and pre-publication copy. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• Partha Dasgupta, 2008. "social capital." The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition. Abstract （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• Edward P. Lazear（英语：Edward_P._Lazear）, 1999. "Culture and Language," Journal of Political Economy, 107(6), Part 2, p p. S95-S126.
[12]
• Laurence R. Iannaccone（英语：Laurence_R._Iannaccone）, 1998. "Introduction to the Economics of Religion," Journal of Economic Literature, 36(3), pp. 1465–1495. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• Laurence R. Iannaccone and Eli Berman（英语：Eli_Berman）, 2008. "religion, economics of," The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition, v. 7, pp. 82-90. Abstract and Table of Contents. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
[13]
• David D. Friedman, 1984. The Economics of War. [2018-09-10]. （原始内容存档于2018-09-15）., Blood and Iron: There Will Be War, v. 3, pp. 161-72.
[14]
• Arthur M. Diamond, Jr., 2008. "science, economics of," in S.N. Durlauf and L.E. Blume, ed., The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd edition, Abstract （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） and pre-publication copy. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
[15]
Roger E. Backhouse（英语：Roger_E._Backhouse） and Steven G. Medema, 2009. "Defining Economics: The Long Road to Acceptance of the Robbins Definition," Economica, 76(302), Economics Spreads its Wings, n. 29, pp. 805–820 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）:
[16]
As argued more generally in Paul A. Samuelson（英语：Paul_A._Samuelson）, 1947, Enlarged ed. 1983. Foundations of Economic Analysis（英语：Foundations_of_Economic_Analysis）, Harvard University Press.
[17]
Edward P. Lazear（英语：Edward_Lazear）, 2000. "Economic Imperialism," Quarterly Journal of Economics, 115(1), p. 99, pp. 99-146 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）.
[18]
• Gary Becker, 1976. The Economic Approach to Human Behavior, p. 5. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
[19]
• Jack Hirshleifer（英语：Jack_Hirshleifer）, 1985. "The Expanding Domain of Economics," American Economic Review, 75(6), pp. 53-68 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Reprinted in Jack Hirshleifer, 2001), The Dark Side of the Force: Economic Foundations of Conflict Theory, ch.14, pp. 306- （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） 42.
• Gary Becker, 1992. "The Economic Way of Looking at Life." Nobel Lecture link （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, also in 1993, Journal of Political Economy, 101(3), pp. 383-409.
•Shoshana Grossbard-Shechtman（英语：Shoshana_Grossbard-Shechtman） and Christopher K. Clague, ed., 2007. The Expansion of Economics: Toward a More Inclusive Social Science, M.E. Sharpe. Description （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） and preview.

[1] [1]
• Kenneth E. Boulding（英语：Kenneth_E._Boulding）, 1969. "Economics as a Moral Science," American Economic Review, 59(1), p. 8, pp 1–12.
•Ben Fine（英语：Ben_Fine）, 2000. " Economics Imperialism and Intellectual Progress: The Present as History of Economic Thought?" History of Economics Review, 32, pp. 10-36 互联网档案馆的存档，存档日期2012-04-26..

[2] [2]
• Gary Becker, 1976. The Economic Approach to Human Behavior. Description （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） and preview （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）.
• "Economic Imperialism," （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, 1993. [Interview of Gary Becker.] Religion & Liberty, 3(22).
• George J. Stigler（英语：George_J._Stigler）, 1984. "Economics—The Imperial Science?" Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 86(3), pp. 301-313.
• Mariano Tommasi and Kathryn Ierulli, ed., 1995. The New Economics of Human Behavior, Cambridge. Description （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） and preview. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• Uskali Mäki, 2009. "Economics Imperialism: Concept and Constraint," Philosophy of the Social Sciences, 39(3), pp. 351-380. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

[3] [3]
• Gary Becker, 1968. "Crime and Punishment: An Economic Approach," Journal of Political Economy, 76(2), pp. 169-217. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• Steven D. Levitt（英语：Steven_D._Levitt） and Thomas J. Miles, 2008. "deterrence (empirical), economic analyses of," The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition. Abstract. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• Yves Zenou, 2008. "crime and the city," The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition. Abstract. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

[4] [4]
• David D. Friedman（英语：David_D._Friedman）, 2000. Law's Order: What Economics Has to Do with Law and Why It Matters . Princeton. Description. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Scroll to chapter-preview links. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• A. Mitchell Polinsky and Steven Shavell, 2008. "law, economic analysis of," The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition. Abstract （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） and pre-publication copy （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）.
• Richard A. Posner（英语：Richard_A._Posner）, 2010. Economic Analysis of Law, 8th edition, Aspen. Description （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） and contents （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）.
• Ronald H. Coase（英语：Ronald_H._Coase）, 1978. "Economics and Contiguous Disciplines," Journal of Legal Studies, 7(2), pp. 201-211 互联网档案馆的存档，存档日期2013-09-09..

[5] [5]
• Gary Becker, 1981, 1991, Enlarged ed.. A Treatise on the Family（英语：A_Treatise_on_the_Family）. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-90698-5. Publisher's description （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） & links to chapter previews. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• Gary Becker, 1987. "family," The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, v. 2, pp. 281-86. Reprinted in 1989, Social Economics: The New Palgrave, pp. 65 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）-76. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• John Ermisch, 2008. "family economics," The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition. Abstract （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）+ links to "Related Articles" Abstracts.

[6] [6]
• Gary Becker, The Economics of Discrimination, 1957, 1971, 2nd ed., University of Chicago Press ISBN 0-226-04115-8. Description. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Scroll down to chapter-preview links. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

[7] [7]
• Gary Becker, 1996, Accounting for Tastes, Harvard UP. ISBN 0-674-54356-4. Description （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） & preview. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

[8] [8]
• Gary Becker, 1962. "Irrational Behavior and Economic Theory," Journal of Political Economy, 70(1), pp. 1-13. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

[9] [9]
• Gordon Tullock（英语：Gordon_Tullock）, 1972. "Economic Imperialism," in Theory of Public Choice, pp. 317-29. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.

[10] [10]
• Richard Swedberg（英语：Richard_Swedberg）, 1990. Economics and Sociology: Redefining Their Boundaries: Conversations with Economists and Sociologists. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-00376-9, ISBN 978-0-691-00376-4 Description （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） and chapter-preview links, pp. v （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）- vi. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• Gary Becker and Kevin M. Murphy（英语：Kevin_M._Murphy）, 2001. Social Economics: Market Behavior in a Social Environment]Harvard University Press. Description （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） and TOC. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

[11] [11]
• Raquel Fernández, 2008. "culture and economics." The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition. Abstract （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） and pre-publication copy. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• Partha Dasgupta, 2008. "social capital." The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition. Abstract （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• Edward P. Lazear（英语：Edward_P._Lazear）, 1999. "Culture and Language," Journal of Political Economy, 107(6), Part 2, p p. S95-S126.

[12] [12]
• Laurence R. Iannaccone（英语：Laurence_R._Iannaccone）, 1998. "Introduction to the Economics of Religion," Journal of Economic Literature, 36(3), pp. 1465–1495. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• Laurence R. Iannaccone and Eli Berman（英语：Eli_Berman）, 2008. "religion, economics of," The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition, v. 7, pp. 82-90. Abstract and Table of Contents. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

[13] [13]
• David D. Friedman, 1984. The Economics of War. [2018-09-10]. （原始内容存档于2018-09-15）., Blood and Iron: There Will Be War, v. 3, pp. 161-72.

[Abstract-14] [14]
• Arthur M. Diamond, Jr., 2008. "science, economics of," in S.N. Durlauf and L.E. Blume, ed., The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd edition, Abstract （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） and pre-publication copy. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

[15] [15]
Roger E. Backhouse（英语：Roger_E._Backhouse） and Steven G. Medema, 2009. "Defining Economics: The Long Road to Acceptance of the Robbins Definition," Economica, 76(302), Economics Spreads its Wings, n. 29, pp. 805–820 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）:

[16] [16]
As argued more generally in Paul A. Samuelson（英语：Paul_A._Samuelson）, 1947, Enlarged ed. 1983. Foundations of Economic Analysis（英语：Foundations_of_Economic_Analysis）, Harvard University Press.

[Lazear-17] [17]
Edward P. Lazear（英语：Edward_Lazear）, 2000. "Economic Imperialism," Quarterly Journal of Economics, 115(1), p. 99, pp. 99-146 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）.

[18] [18]
• Gary Becker, 1976. The Economic Approach to Human Behavior, p. 5. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

[19] [19]
• Jack Hirshleifer（英语：Jack_Hirshleifer）, 1985. "The Expanding Domain of Economics," American Economic Review, 75(6), pp. 53-68 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Reprinted in Jack Hirshleifer, 2001), The Dark Side of the Force: Economic Foundations of Conflict Theory, ch.14, pp. 306- （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） 42.
• Gary Becker, 1992. "The Economic Way of Looking at Life." Nobel Lecture link （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, also in 1993, Journal of Political Economy, 101(3), pp. 383-409.
•Shoshana Grossbard-Shechtman（英语：Shoshana_Grossbard-Shechtman） and Christopher K. Clague, ed., 2007. The Expansion of Economics: Toward a More Inclusive Social Science, M.E. Sharpe. Description （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） and preview.

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