硝酸钚(IV)是一种具有强放射性的无机化合物,化学式为Pu(NO3)4,可以形成水合物,[1]其外观为深绿色晶体。[3][4]
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硝酸钚(IV)可由二氧化钚溶于硝酸得到,[5]从其溶液中可以结晶出正交晶系的五水合物(Pu(NO3)4·5H2O)。[2]
硝酸钚(IV)可溶于水和一部分有机溶剂[1],其水溶液可被磷酸三丁酯萃取。[6]它也能溶于熔融的硝酸铀酰六水合物,若在体系中加入1~6 M HNO3,它会歧化为Pu(III)和Pu(VI),若提高HNO3浓度至10 M以上,则只会生成配阴离子[Pu(NO3)6]2−。[7]它在1.5~7.1 M的硝酸溶液中,可以Pu(NO3)n(4−n)+(n=1, 2, 3, 4, 5)的形式存在,7.1 M以上时,以[Pu(NO3)6]2−的形式存在,[8]超过11 M时,以H2[Pu(NO3)6]的形式存在。[9]在碱性溶液中,它以PuO2·xH2O的形式沉淀出来。[10]
它可以被氨基胍硫酸盐或抗坏血酸还原为Pu(NO3)3。[11]向其溶液通入臭氧,它可以经PuO2+氧化至PuO22+。[12]
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