性别分工是一种较常见的安排,女性负责大多数采集活动,而男性则专注于大型狩猎活动。在所有的狩猎采集社会中,女性都很感激男性带回的肉。梅根·比塞勒(Megan Biesele)对非洲南部采集狩猎社会Ju /'hoan的研究作品Women Like Meat就是一个例证[32]。最近的考古研究表明,性别分工是一种基础的组织创新,使智人对尼安德特人占了优势,使我们的祖先从非洲移民并遍及全球[33]。
Greaves, Russell D.; et al. Economic activities of twenty-first century foraging populations. Why Forage? Hunters and Gatherers in the Twenty-First Century. Santa Fe, Albuquerque: School for Advanced Research, University of New Mexico Press. 2016: 241–262. ISBN 978-0826356963.
Binford, Louis. Human ancestors: Changing views of their behavior. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology. 1986, 3: 235–257. doi:10.1016/0278-4165(84)90003-5.
Gavashelishvili, A.; Tarkhnishvili, D. Biomes and human distribution during the last ice age. Global Ecology and Biogeography. 2016, 25 (5): 563. doi:10.1111/geb.12437.
Karen Endicott 1999. "Gender relations in hunter-gatherer societies". In R.B. Lee and R. Daly (eds), The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunters and Gatherers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 411–418.
Erdal, D. and A. Whiten 1996. Egalitarianism and Machiavellian intelligence in human evolution. In P. Mellars and K. Gibson (eds), Modelling the early human mind. Cambridge: McDonald Institute Monographs.
Erdal, D. & Whiten, A. (1996) "Egalitarianism and Machiavellian Intelligence in Human Evolution" in Mellars, P. & Gibadfson, K. (eds) Modelling the Early Human Mind. Cambridge MacDonald Monograph Series
Thomas M. Kiefer. Anthropology E-20. Lecture 8 Subsistence, Ecology and Food production. Harvard University. Spring 2002 [2008-03-11]. (原始内容存档于2008-04-10).
Knight, C. 2008. "Early human kinship was matrilineal". In N. J. Allen, H. Callan, R. Dunbar and W. James (eds.), Early Human Kinship. Oxford: Blackwell, pp. 61–82.
Testart, A. 1986. Essai sur les fondements de la division sexuelle du travail chez les chasseurs-cueilleurs. Paris: Éditions de l'École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales.
Biesele, Megan; Barclay, Steve. Ju/'Hoan Women's Tracking Knowledge And Its Contribution To Their Husbands' Hunting Success. African Study Monographs. March 2001,. Suppl.26: 67–84.
Sackett, R. 1996. "Time, energy, and the indolent savage. A quantitative cross-cultural test of the primitive affluence hypothesis". Ph.D. diss., University of California, Angles.
Collard, Mark; Kemery, Michael; Banks, Samantha. Causes of Toolkit Variation Among Hunter-Gatherers: A Test of Four Competing Hypotheses. Canadian Journal of Archaeology. 2005, (29): 1–19.
Torrence, Robin. Retooling: Towards a behavioral theory of stone tools. Torrence, Robin (编). Time, Energy and Stone Tools. Cambridge University Press. 1989: 57–66 [2020-07-11]. ISBN 978-0521253505. (原始内容存档于2021-04-22).