在真菌当中,担子果(英语:basidiocarp、basidiome、basidioma,复数:basidiomata)是担子菌门的子实体,是一种多细胞构造,起源于孢子产生出来的子实层。担子果是伞菌纲的特征;柄锈菌纲与黑粉菌纲无法产生出这种特征。生长于真菌上的担子果,也就是肉眼可见的部分(尤其是型态为伞菌或其类似型态)通常被称为菇;长在地底下的担子果通常称为假松露。
构造
担子果上长出子实层,子实层上会长出担子,担孢子著生在担子上。最简单的担子果是由一群未分化的子实体构造组成,呈果冻状,子实层长在表面;比较复杂的担子果则会分化出菌柄、菌伞等构造,并且有不同形态的菌褶。
种类
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伞菌 Amanita muscaria的担子果。
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珊瑚菌Ramaria rugosa的担子果。
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鸡油菌Craterellus tubaeformis的担子果。
担子果能依据菌柄、菌伞及菌褶(如果存在)的分化程度来区分。
外部链接
- Evolution & Morphology in the Homobasidiomycetes: The Clade/Morphology Chart (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) by Gary Lincoff & Michael Wood, MykoWeb, November 27, 2005.
- "Mycomorphology Part 1: Why Do Mushrooms Look Like Mushrooms?" (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) by Peter Werner, Mycena News, December 2002. (Archived at MycoWeb)
- "Mycomorphology Part 2: Basidiocarp Keeps its Balance" (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) by Peter Werner, Mycena News, March 2003. (Archived at MycoWeb)
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