赛普勒斯问题 (希腊语 :Κυπριακό (ζήτημα) , 土耳其语 :Kıbrıs Sorunu )是位在地中海东部的赛普勒斯岛 上,因为赛普勒斯岛上的希腊人 及土耳其人 族裔问题及是否南 、北赛普勒斯 统一的问题。
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希腊 及土耳其 争执的赛普勒斯 (右下)
赛普勒斯岛 上大约在公元前16世纪时,就有从希腊 来的移民,在西元前709年到西元前525年被亚述 、埃及 和波斯人 统治。西元前58年被罗马 统治了将近400年,西元395年属于拜占庭帝国 ,1489年属于威尼斯共和国 ,1571年被鄂图曼帝国 占领,1878年被英国人 统治,1925年成为英国殖民地 。
1959年2月,英国、希腊和土耳其签订了《苏黎世-伦敦协定》和《联盟条约》,英国、希腊及土耳其三个国家保证了赛普勒斯 的独立地位。
1960年8月16日,赛普勒斯共和国 宣告成立。随后希土两族摩擦不断。1974年,塞浦路斯战士全国组织EOKA 发动军事政变,企图将塞浦路斯并入希腊 。两族因为制宪 问题爆发严重的流血冲突 。土耳其 同年随后入侵 武装干涉。
1975年2月,土耳其族 在土耳其政府的支持下在尼古西亚 以北建立了北赛普勒斯土耳其共和国 。
联合国 为了解决赛普勒斯问题,于2004年在赛普勒斯举行统一公投 ,但并未通过此一公投的塞浦路斯安南计划 ,其原因是赛普勒斯共和国 的经济 状况比北赛普勒斯 好,人口也比北赛多,在国际间的活动空间范围较大,北赛因经济状况问题希望与赛浦路斯解决政治僵局,但在国际上被孤立,而且人口较少,赛普勒斯共和国反对给予北赛普勒斯更多的权利,因此此一公投并未过关。
2017年7月7日联合国介入赛普勒斯与北赛普勒斯谈判失败。[ 1]
2018年10月16日联合国预定26日将为赛普勒斯双方领导人主持会谈,两方合并和谈。[ 2] 但仍无具体成果。
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官方出版及文献
其它文献
"Getting to Yes: Suggestions for the Embellishment of the Annan Plan for Cyprus (PDF)" Policy Paper, Southeast European Studies at Oxford, St Antony's College, Oxford University, February 2004
"Economic Aspects of the Annan Plan for the Solution of the Cyprus Problem (PDF)" Wolfson College, Oxford University, February 2004
"Options for Peace: Mapping the Possibilities for a Comprehensive Settlement in Cyprus (PDF)" Alexandros Lordos, May 2005
"From U Thant to Kofi Annan: UN Peacemaking in Cyprus, 1964–2004 (PDF)" James Ker-Lindsay, Occasional Paper 5/05, Southeast European Studies at Oxford, St Antony's College, Oxford University, October 2005
"EU and the Cyprus Conflict: Review of the Literature (PDF)" (页面存档备份 ,存于互联网档案馆 ) Olga Demetriou, Working Paper Series in EU Border Conflicts, Number 5, January 2004
"The Property Regime in a Cyprus Settlement: A Reassessment of the Solution Proposed under the Annan Plan, Given the Performance of the Property Markets in Cyprus, 2003–2006 (PDF)" Stelios Platis, Stelios Orphanides and Fiona Mullen, PRIO Report 2/2006, PRIO Cyprus Centre, November 2006
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Echoes Across the Divide (页面存档备份 ,存于互联网档案馆 ) (2008) is an Australian documentary film about an attempt to bridge the Green Line (Cyprus) with a bicommunal music project performed from the rooftops of Old Nicosia.