PMID 2691172. doi:10.1042/cs0770581. (原始内容存档于2020-04-23). Datta A, Tipton M. Respiratory responses to cold water immersion: neural pathways, interactions, and
levels. Tracheal intubation is required in these situations to prevent respiratoryarrest and risk of death. Sometimes, the cause is recent exposure to an allergen