bulk temperature

than the main part (bulk) of the material. This property directly affects the Curie temperature as there can be a bulk Curie temperature TB and a different

Bakr, Osman M. (2015). "High-quality bulk hybrid perovskite single crystals within minutes by inverse temperature crystallization". Nature Communications

透過衛星取得SST絕對數值存在一些困難。首先是採紅外線遙感方法時，輻射從海洋的頂"層"（大約是頂部0.01毫米或更薄）發出，可能無法代表海洋上層一米深度的整體溫度（英语：bulk temperature），主要是由於白天太陽表面加熱的影響、反射輻射，以及可能的熱損失和表面蒸發的結果。這些因素使得將衛星取得的資料與採用浮標或船上方法測得

Chui, T. C. P.; Israelsson, U. E. Heat Capacity and Thermal Relaxation of Bulk Helium very near the Lambda Point. Physical Review Letters. 1996, 76 (6):

Rounds, John H. Urbanowicz, Gordon W. Gribble. Hydrolysis in the absence of bulk water 1. Chemoselective hydrolysis of amides using tetrahalophthalic anhydrides