对氯间二甲苯酚

对氯间二甲苯酚
临床资料
ATC码	D08AE05 (WHO) ;
识别信息
	IUPAC命名法 4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol; 4-氯-3,5-二甲基酚; ;
CAS号	88-04-0
PubChem CID	2723;
ChemSpider	21106017 ;
UNII	0F32U78V2Q;
KEGG	D03473 ;
CompTox Dashboard（英语：CompTox Chemicals Dashboard） (EPA)	DTXSID0032316 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.001.631
化学信息
化学式	C8H9ClO
摩尔质量	156.609
3D模型（JSmol（英语：JSmol））	交互式图像;
	SMILES Oc1cc(C)c(Cl)c(C)c1;

氯二甲酚（英语：Chloroxylenol），又称对氯间二甲苯酚（para-chloro-meta-xylenol，PCMX）、4-氯-3,5-二甲基苯酚，是一种防腐剂和消毒剂，主要用于皮肤消毒和清洗外科器械^[1]。它还可用于多种家用消毒剂和伤口清洁剂^[2]。它比其他一些可用的药剂效果较差^[3]^[4]。它一般由溶液形式提供^[1]。

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氯二甲酚的副作用一般很少，但可包括对皮肤的刺激^[1]^[3]。它可以与水或酒精混合使用^[1]。对于革兰氏阳性菌来说，氯二甲酚是最有效的^[1]。它是通过导致细胞壁的破坏和酶的功能停止来杀死细菌的^[4]。

氯二甲酚最早是在1927年被提出^[5]。它是世界卫生组织的基本药物清单，是基本卫生系统中最重要的药物^[6]。在发展中国家的批发成本中每5%溶液约为每升2至6.20美元^[7]。它以多种制剂销售，并以多种品牌名称出售，如：英国Dettol（滴露）、中国威露士^[2]^[8]。

味道

据RSC实验表明，排除掉滴露消毒水中松油的味道，有淡淡的辣味。^{[来源请求]}

社会和文化

对氯间二甲苯酚溶液有多种品牌名称，例如滴露。滴露消毒液含 4.8% 对氯间二甲苯酚，^[9]其余为作为溶剂的松节油、异丙醇、蓖麻油、皂基和水。向滴露溶液加水会得到白色的乳浊液。

参考文献

[1]
WHO Model Formulary 2008 (PDF). World Health Organization. 2009: 324 [8 January 2017]. ISBN 9789241547659. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-12-13）.
[2]
Griffiths, Christopher; Barker, Jonathan; Bleiker, Tanya; Chalmers, Robert; Creamer, Daniel. Rook's Textbook of Dermatology, 4 Volume Set. John Wiley & Sons. : 128.38 [2017-06-26]. ISBN 9781118441176. （原始内容存档于2017-01-13）（英语）.
[3]
Digison, MB. A review of anti-septic agents for pre-operative skin preparation.. Plastic surgical nursing : official journal of the American Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgical Nurses. 2007, 27 (4): 185–9; quiz 190–1. PMID 18165724.
[4]
Mahon, Connie R.; Lehman, Donald C.; Jr, George Manuselis. Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology 5. Elsevier Health Sciences. 2014: 67 [2017-06-26]. ISBN 9780323292627. （原始内容存档于2017-01-13）（英语）.
[5]
Larson, E; Talbot, GH. An approach for selection of health care personnel handwashing agents.. Infection control : IC. August 1986, 7 (8): 419–24. PMID 3091524.
[6]
WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (19th List) (PDF). World Health Organization. April 2015 [8 December 2016]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-12-13）.
[7]
Chloroxylenol. International Drug Price Indicator Guide. [8 December 2016].^{[永久失效链接]}
[8]
Chloroxylenol - brand name list from Drugs.com. www.drugs.com. [2017-06-26]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-28）.
[9]
Summary of Product Characteristics / Dettol Liquid (PDF). MHRA. 22 November 2010 [9 November 2014]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2015-01-08）.

外部链接

ChemExper （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

[WHO2008-1] [1]
WHO Model Formulary 2008 (PDF). World Health Organization. 2009: 324 [8 January 2017]. ISBN 9789241547659. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-12-13）.

[Gri2016-2] [2]
Griffiths, Christopher; Barker, Jonathan; Bleiker, Tanya; Chalmers, Robert; Creamer, Daniel. Rook's Textbook of Dermatology, 4 Volume Set. John Wiley & Sons. : 128.38 [2017-06-26]. ISBN 9781118441176. （原始内容存档于2017-01-13）（英语）.

[Di2007-3] [3]
Digison, MB. A review of anti-septic agents for pre-operative skin preparation.. Plastic surgical nursing : official journal of the American Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgical Nurses. 2007, 27 (4): 185–9; quiz 190–1. PMID 18165724.

[Mah2014-4] [4]
Mahon, Connie R.; Lehman, Donald C.; Jr, George Manuselis. Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology 5. Elsevier Health Sciences. 2014: 67 [2017-06-26]. ISBN 9780323292627. （原始内容存档于2017-01-13）（英语）.

[La1986-5] [5]
Larson, E; Talbot, GH. An approach for selection of health care personnel handwashing agents.. Infection control : IC. August 1986, 7 (8): 419–24. PMID 3091524.

[WHO19th-6] [6]
WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (19th List) (PDF). World Health Organization. April 2015 [8 December 2016]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-12-13）.

[ERC2014-7] [7]
Chloroxylenol. International Drug Price Indicator Guide. [8 December 2016].^{[永久失效链接]}

[8] [8]
Chloroxylenol - brand name list from Drugs.com. www.drugs.com. [2017-06-26]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-28）.

[9] [9]
Summary of Product Characteristics / Dettol Liquid (PDF). MHRA. 22 November 2010 [9 November 2014]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2015-01-08）.

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