玉黍螺科

玉黍螺科（学名：Littorinidae），又名滨螺科^[3]，原属中腹足目^[4]或盘足目^[5]，今属新生腹足类支序（Caenogastropoda）高腹足类支序（Hypsogastropoda）玉黍螺形类支序（Littorinimorpha）的玉黍螺总科（Littorinoidea）。包括有200多个物种。

玉黍螺科
Two shells of the common periwinke Littorina littorea
科学分类
界：	动物界 Animalia
门：	软体动物门 Mollusca
纲：	腹足纲 Gastropoda
目：	玉黍螺目 Littorinimorpha
总科：	玉黍螺总科 Littorinoidea
科：	玉黍螺科 Littorinidae Children, 1834[1]
多样性[2]
2 freshwater species and numerous marine species. (There are altogether 222 species of Littorinidae mentioned in Wikipedia on 4 August 2010)

分类

根据《布歇特和洛克罗伊的腹足类分类 (2005年)》，本科属于新生腹足类，包括有以下三个亚科：

• 玉黍螺亚科 Littorininae Children, 1834 - synonyms: Echinininae Rosewater, 1972; Tectariinae Rosewater, 1972; Melaraphidae Starobogatov & Sitnikova, 1983
• Subfamily Lacuninae Gray, 1857 - synonyms: Risellidae Kesteven, 1903; Cremnoconchinae Preston, 1915; Bembiciidae Finlay, 1928.
• Subfamily Laevilitorininae Reid, 1989

属

玉黍螺科包括下列各属^[6]：

玉黍螺亚科 Littorininae

• Afrolittorina Williams, Reid & Littlewood, 2003：有四个物种。
• Austrolittorina Rosewater, 1970：有五个物种。
• Cenchritis von Martens, 1900
• Echinolittorina Habe, 1956 - synonyms: Amerolittorina Reid, 2009;^[7]Fossarilittorina Rosewater, 1981; Granulilittorina Habe & Kosuge, 1966; Lineolittorina Reid, 2009^[7]
• 玉黍螺属 Littoraria Griffith & Pidgeon, 1834 - 39 species
• Littorina Férussac, 1822 - 18 species - type genus
• Mainwaringia Nevill, 1885^[8]
• Melarhaphe Menke, 1828
• 结节滨螺属 Nodilittorinavon Martens, 1897^[9]
• 豆滨螺属 Peasiella Nevill, 1885
• 塔玉黍螺属Tectarius Valenciennes, 1833：有11个物种，其异名或亚属包括 Echininus Clench & Abbott, 1942

Lacuninae

• Bembicium Philippi, 1846
• Cremnoconchus Blanford, 1869^[8][10]- freshwater snails living in waterfalls.^[2]
• Lacuna Turton, 1827 - synonym: Aquilonaria Dall, 1886
• Pellilitorina Pfeffer in Martens & Pfeffer, 1886
• Risellopsis Kesteven, 1902

Laevilitorininae

• Laevilitorina Pfeiffer, 1886

subfamily ?

• Algamorda Dall, 1918
• Macquariella Finlay, 1927 (?)
• Rissolitorina Ponder, 1966

Synonyms

• Haloconcha Dall, 1886 is a synonym for Lacunaria Dall, 1885^{[来源请求]}

参考文献

1. Children J. G. (1834). Synopsis of the contents of the British Museum. ed. 28: 110.
2. Strong E. E., Gargominy O., Ponder W. F. & Bouchet P. (2008). "Global Diversity of Gastropods (Gastropoda; Mollusca) in Freshwater". Hydrobiologia 595: 149-166.

   hdl:10088/7390

   doi:10.1007/s10750-007-9012-6.
3. 香港紅樹林的動物. 香港特别行政区渔农自然护理署. 2014-07-11 [2015-02-18]. （原始内容存档于2015-04-02） （中文（繁体））.
4. 国际贝库：巨塔玉黍螺. 台湾贝类资料库. [2009-08-11]. （原始内容存档于2015-02-15）.
5. Littoraria melanostoma 黑口玉黍螺. 香港特别行政区渔农自然护理署. [2018-05-31] （中文（繁体））.^{[永久失效链接]}
6. Littorinidae. WoRMS.
7. Reid D. G. (2009) "The genus Echinolittorina Habe, 1956 (Gastropoda: Littorinidae) in the western Atlantic Ocean." Zootaxa 2184: 1-103. abstract （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
8. (file created 29 July 2010) FRESH WATER MOLLUSCAN SPECIES IN INDIA^{[永久失效链接]}. 11 pp. accessed 31 July 2010.
9. S T Williams , D G Reid , D T J Littlewood. A molecular phylogeny of the Littorininae (Gastropoda: Littorinidae): unequal evolutionary rates, morphological parallelism, and biogeography of the Southern Ocean.. Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2003, 1 (1): 60–86. PMID 12801472. doi:10.1016/S1055-7903(03)00038-1. （原始内容存档于2012-10-05）.
10. Blanford W. T. (1869). "Notes on some Indian and Mascarene Land-Shells". Annals and Magazine of Natural History (4)3: 340-344. page 343.

• Littorinidae. ITIS.
• Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979 ISBN 0-00-216906-1

延伸阅读

David G. Reid, Suzanne T. Williams. The subfamily Littorininae in the Temperate Southern Hemisphere: the genera Nodilittorina, Austrolittorina and Afrolittorina (PDF). Record of the Australian Museum. 2004, 56: 75–122 [2015-02-15]. doi:10.3853/j.0067-1975.56.2004.1393. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2005-01-06）.

外部链接

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