正面心理學The Humanistic Psychologist, 36 (2), 96-112. Seligman, Martin(1990). Learned Optimism: How to Change Your Mind and Your Life. Free Press. Seligman, M.E.P
闪灵 (电影)ISBN 978-0299216146. Rice, Julian (2008). Kubrick's Hope: Discovering Optimism from 2001 to Eyes Wide Shut. Scarecrow Press, pp. 11–13 Cocks, Diedrich