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cerebral aqueduct）進入第四腦室，隨後通過正中孔（medial aperture或foramen of Magendie）和兩個外側孔（lateral aperture或foramen of Luschka），分別進入小腦延髓池（cisterna
呈網狀的軟腦膜是一層幾乎覆蓋了整個大腦表面的半透明薄膜，並且僅在腦室、腦室正中孔（英语：Median aperture）和外側孔（英语：Lateral aperture）的開口處中不存在。軟腦膜牢固地粘附在大腦的表面，並且鬆散地連接到蛛網膜層，故而這些膜也可被稱為軟膜蜘蛛膜（pia
magna或cerebellomedullary cistern) 左右第四脑室外侧孔（lateral aperture of the fourth ventricle, lateral aperture或foramen of Luschka） 第四脑室 蛛网膜下腔 (subarachnoid space或subarachnoid
apex（英语：Apex (mollusc)） of the shell and is thus longer than the body whorl. The aperture narrows posteriorly and is wider anteriorly. These snails are 食草动物. Their
to find a new set of Zernike coefficients form an original set when the aperture radius is changed. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A. 2003, 20 (2): 209. Bibcode:2003JOSAA