Early Scots

（英文） W.F. Skene,Chronicles Of The Picts,Chronicles Of The scots And Other Early Memorials Of Scottich History H.M. General Regsiter House Edinburgh

The Kingdom of the Scots. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 2003. ISBN 0-7486-1803-1 Duncan, A.A.M., The Kingship of the Scots 842–1292: Succession

2003 [2011-04-13]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2007-03-17）.  Scots Language Centre: Scottish Place Names in Scots. [2014-08-30]. （原始内容存档于2020-03-19）.  Tours of Scotland

p. 101. Duncan, Kingship of the Scots, p. 33. Duncan, Kingship of the Scots, p. 40. Duncan, Kingship of the Scots, p. 37. Oram, David I, p. 233, n.

387年-412年在位），生平不詳，僅名子於統治者名單中被提及。 Chadwick, Hector Munro. Early Scotland: The Picts, the Scots and the Welsh of Southern Scotland. Cambridge, United Kingdom: