DNA场效应晶体管(英语:DNA field-effect transistor,缩写为DNAFET)是一种场效应晶体管——使用DNA分子中部分电荷形成的场效应充当 生物传感器。DNAFET的结构类似于MOSFET的结构,不同之处在于栅极结构在DNAFET中被一层固定的ssDNA(单链DNA)分子代替,该分子充当表面受体。当互补的DNA链与受体杂交时,表面附近的电荷分布会发生变化,进而调节通过半导体传感器的电流传输。
DNAFET阵列可用于检测单核苷酸多态性(引起许多遗传性疾病)和DNA测序。与当今常用的光学检测方法相比,它们的主要优点是它们不需要标记分子。此外,它们连续且低延时地工作。DNAFET具有高度选择性,因为只有特异性结合才能调节电荷传输。
参考资料
- Li Z, Chen Y, Li X, Kamins TI, Nauka K, Williams RS. Sequence-Specific Label-Free DNA Sensors Based on Silicon Nanowires. Nano Lett. 2004, 4 (2): 245–7. doi:10.1021/nl034958e.
- Souteyrand E, Cloarec JP, Martin JR, Wilson C, Lawrence I, Mikkelsen S, Lawrence MF. Direct Detection of the Hybridization of Synthetic Homo-Oligomer DNA Sequences by Field Effect. J. Phys. Chem. B. 1997, 101 (15): 2980–5. doi:10.1021/jp963056h.
- Fritz J, Cooper EB, Gaudet S, Sorger PK, Manalis SR. Electronic detection of DNA by its intrinsic molecular charge. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. October 2002, 99 (22): 14142–6. PMC 137851 . PMID 12386345. doi:10.1073/pnas.232276699.
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