鱼腥藻属

鱼腥藻属（学名：Anabaena）是束丝藻科的一属蓝菌，与念珠藻类似，细胞呈现链珠状，生长于浅水和潮湿的土壤，它可以单生或群体的的方式存在。鱼腥藻属在水中可能会制造毒素，如果水中毒素浓度过高，动物饮用后有致命的危险。

鱼腥藻属
鱼腥藻属
科学分类
域：	细菌域 Bacteria
门：	蓝菌门 Cyanobacteria
纲：	蓝藻纲 Cyanophyceae
目：	念珠藻目 Nostocales
科：	束丝藻科 Aphanizomenonaceae
属：	鱼腥藻属 Anabaena Bory de Saint-Vincent ex Bornet & Flahault, 1886[1]
模式种
类颤鱼腥藻 Anabaena oscillarioides Bory ex Bornet and Flahault 1886
种
见正文
异名
Anabaena Bory Belmontia C.G.M.Archibald, 1967 Belonia Carmichael, 1833 Trichormus Allmann, 1843

DNA测序项目开展于1999年，测序鱼腥藻的全基因组，长度为720万个碱基对。该研究主要集中在异形细胞（英语：Heterocyst），其中氮转变成氨。鱼腥藻的某些种类已被用在水稻稻田，证明是一种有效的天然肥料。

下级分类

本属包括以下物种：

• Anabaena aequalis Borge 1906
• Anabaena aeruginosa Gardner 1927
• 近亲鱼腥藻 Anabaena affinis Lemmermann 1897，为Dolichospermum affine (Lemmermann 1897) Wacklin et al. 2009的异名^[2]
• Anabaena akankoensis Watanabe 2003，为Dolichospermum akankoense (Watanabe 2003) Wacklin et al. 2009的异名
• Anabaena ambigua Rao 1937
  • Anabaena ambigua var. longispora Laloraya and Mitra 1972^[3]
• Anabaena antarctica Fritsch 1912，为Trichormus antarcticus (Fritsch 1912) Komárek and Anagnostidis 1989的异名
• 束丝鱼腥藻 Anabaena aphanizomenoides Forti 1911，异名
• Anabaena arctica Kiselev 1932，异名
• 南非鱼腥藻 Anabaena austroafricana Cronberg and Komárek 2004
• 满江红鱼腥藻 Anabaena azollae Strasburger 1884，为Trichormus azollae (Strasburger 1884) Komárek and Anagnostidis 1989的异名
• 固氮鱼腥藻 Anabaena azotica Ley 1959
• Anabaena baltica Schmidt 1899^[4]
• Anabaena belmontica Archibald 1967^[5]
• 伯氏鱼腥藻 Anabaena bergii Ostenfeld 1908，为Chrysosporum bergii (Ostenfeld 1908) Zapomělová et al. 2012的异名
• Anabaena bituri Cronberg and Komárek 2004，为Dolichospermum bituri (Cronberg and Komárek 2004) Wacklin et al. 2009的异名
• Anabaena bothae Welsh 1961，也拼作Anabaena bothai
• Anabaena carmichaelii Cronberg and Komárek 2004
• Anabaena caspica Ostenfeld 1902，为Dolichospermum caspicum (Ostenfeld 1902) Wacklin et al. 2009的异名
• 链状鱼腥藻 Anabaena catenula (Kützing 1849) Bornet and Flahault 1886，为Trichormus catenula (Kützing 1849) Komárek and Anagnostidis 1989的异名
• 卷曲鱼腥藻 Anabaena circinalis Rabenhorst ex Bornet and Flahault 1886，为Dolichospermum circinale (Rabenhorst ex Bornet and Flahault 1886) Wacklin et al. 2009的异名
  • 卷曲鱼腥藻大孢变种 Anabaena circinalis var. macrospora (Wittr.) Forti
  • Anabaena circinalis f. spiralis Skuja 1964^[6]
• Anabaena citrisporum Watanabe 1992，也拼作Anabaena citrispora，为Dolichospermum citrisporum (Watanabe 1992) Wacklin et al. 2009的异名
• Anabaena compacta (Nygaard 1945) Hickel 1985，为Dolichospermum compactum (Nygaard 1945) Wacklin et al. 2009的异名
• Anabaena constricta (Szafer 1910) Geitler 1925，异名
• Anabaena crassa (Lemmermann 1898) Komárková-Legnerová and Cronberg 1992，为Dolichospermum crassum (Lemmermann 1898) Wacklin et al. 2009的异名
• Anabaena cupressaphila Wolle 1887
• Anabaena curva Hill 1976，为Dolichospermum curvum (Hill 1976) Wacklin et al. 2009的异名
• Anabaena cycadearum Reinke 1879，为Dolichospermum crassum (Lemmermann 1898) Wacklin et al. 2009的异名
• 柱孢鱼腥藻 Anabaena cylindrica Lemmermann 1896
• Anabaena delicatissima Gardner 1927
• Anabaena delicatula Lemmermann 1898，为Dolichospermum delicatulum (Lemmermann 1898) Wacklin et al. 2009异名
• 桶形鱼腥藻 Anabaena doliolum Bharadwaja 1935，为Trichormus doliolum (Bharadwaja 1935) Komárek and Anagnostidis 1989的异名
• Anabaena ellipsoidea (Compère 1967) Komárek 2012
• Anabaena epiphytica Gardner 1927
• 真紧密鱼腥藻 Anabaena eucompacta Li and Watanabe 1999
• Anabaena fallax Komárek and Komárková-Legnerová 2002，异名
• Anabaena farciminiformis Cronberg and Komárková 1988，异名
• Anabaena felisii Bornet and Flahault 1886
• Anabaena fertilissima Rao 1937
• 水华鱼腥藻 Anabaena flosaquae Brébisson ex Bornet and Flahault 1886，异名
  • 水华鱼腥藻屈氏变种 Anabaena flos-aquae var. treleasi Born.et Flah.
• Anabaena fuellebornii Schmidle 1903，为Macrospermum fuellebornii (Schmidle 1903) Komárek 2008的异名
• Anabaena fusca Hill 1976，异名
• Anabaena fuscovaginata Mareš 2010
• Anabaena gerdii Carpenter and Janson 2001
• 胶质鱼腥藻 Anabaena gelatinicola ghose
• Anabaena ghosei Welsh 1964
• Anabaena globosa Hirano 1963
• Anabaena halbfassii Bachmann 1913，为Dolichospermum halbfassii (Bachmann 1913) Wacklin et al. 2009的异名
• 海伦鱼腥藻 Anabaena hallensis Bornet and Flahault 1886
• Anabaena hansgirgii Schmidle 1900，为Trichormus hansgirgii (Schmidle 1900) Komárek and Anagnostidis 1989的异名
• Anabaena hatueyi Komárek 2005
• Anabaena helicoidea Bernard 1908，为Dolichospermum helicoideum (Bernard 1908) Wacklin et al. 2009的异名
• Anabaena heterospora Nygaard 1949，为Dolichospermum heterosporum (Nygaard 1949) Wacklin et al. 2009的异名
• 湖南鱼腥藻 Anabaena hunanensis Jao
• 崎岖鱼腥藻 Anabaena inaequalis Bornet and Flahault 1886
• Anabaena incerta Dangeard 1949
• Anabaena incognita Welsh 1964
• Anabaena isocystoides Welsh 1964，为Trichormus isocystoides (Welsh 1964) Komárek and Anagnostidis 1989的异名
• Anabaena iyengarii Bharadwaja 1935
• Anabaena jacutica Kiselev 1932，为Dolichospermum jacuticum (Kiselev 1932) Wacklin et al. 2009的异名
• Anabaena jeejiae Komárek 2005
• Anabaena jonssonii Petersen 1923
• Anabaena kashiensis Bharadwaja 1935
• Anabaena khannae Skuja 1949
• 凯氏鱼腥藻 Anabaena kisseleviana Elenkin 1938
• 朝鲜鱼腥藻 Anabaena koreana Kim 2013
• 广东鱼腥藻 Anabaena kwangtungensis Ley
• 拉普鱼腥藻 Anabaena lapponica Borge 1913
• 宽松鱼腥藻 Anabaena laxa Braun 1886
• 累氏鱼腥藻 Anabaena lemmermannii Richter 1903，为Dolichospermum lemmermannii (Richter 1903) Wacklin et al. 2009的异名
• 雷万鱼腥藻 Anabaena levanderi Lemm.
• Anabaena limnetica Smith 1916
• Anabaena lohammarii Skuja 1956^[7]
• 巨孢鱼腥藻 Anabaena macrospora Klebahn 1895，为Dolichospermum macrosporum (Klebahn 1895) Wacklin et al. 2009的异名
• Anabaena manguinii (Bourrelly 1952) Komárek 2005
• Anabaena marina Gardner 1932^[8]
• Anabaena marklei Copeland， 1936
• Anabaena maxima Cronberg and Komárek 2004，为Dolichospermum maximum (Cronberg and Komárek 2004) Wacklin et al. 2009的异名
• 中型鱼腥藻 Anabaena mediocris Gardner 1927^[9]
  • 中型鱼腥藻小型变种 Anabaena mediocris var. minor Ley
• Anabaena mendotae Trelease 1889，为Dolichospermum mendotae (Trelease 1889) Wacklin et al. 2009的异名
• Anabaena miniata Skuja 1956^[7]
• Anabaena minuta Welsh 1964
• Anabaena minutissima Lemmermann 1898
• Anabaena mucosa Komárková-Legnerová and Eloranta 1992，为Dolichospermum mucosum (Komárková-Legnerová and Eloranta 1992) Wacklin et al. 2009的异名
• Anabaena multispora Dangeard 1949
• Anabaena mysorensis Gonzalves and Kamat 1959，为Macrospermum mysorense (Gonzalves and Kamat 1959) Komárek 2008的异名
• Anabaena nathii Vasishta 1960，为Dolichospermum nathii (Vasishta 1960) Wacklin et al. 2009的异名
• Anabaena nygaardii Cronberg and Komárek 2004，为Dolichospermum nygaardii (Cronberg and Komárek 2004) Wacklin et al. 2009的异名
• 椭圆鱼腥藻 Anabaena oblonga De Wild.
• Anabaena oryzae Fritsch 1949，为Nostoc oryzae (Fritsch 1949) Komárek and Anagnostidis 1989的异名
• 类颤鱼腥藻 Anabaena oscillarioides Bory ex Bornet and Flahault 1886，类颤藻鱼腥藻
  • 颤鱼腥藻小型变种 Anabaena oscillarioides var. minor Jao et Lee
• 大湖鱼腥藻 Anabaena oumiana Watanabe 1996
• Anabaena parva Philson 1939，为Trichormus parvus (Philson 1939) Komárek and Anagnostidis 1989的异名
• Anabaena perturbata Hill 1976，为Dolichospermum perturbatum (Hill 1976) Wacklin et al. 2009的异名
• Anabaena portoricensis Gardner 1927
• 浮游鱼腥藻 Anabaena planctonica Brunnthaler 1903，为Dolichospermum planctonicum (Brunnthaler 1903) Wacklin et al. 2009的异名
• Anabaena poulseniana Petersen 1923
• Anabaena pseudocompacta Watanabe 1996，为Dolichospermum pseudocompactum (Watanabe 1996) Wacklin et al. 2009的异名
• Anabaena raciborskii Wołoszyńska 1912，为Raphidiopsis raciborskii (Wołoszyńska 1912) Aguilera et al. 2018的异名
• Anabaena ramakaranae Bharadwaja 1963
• Anabaena randhawae Venkataraman 1958，为Trichormus randhawae (Venkataraman 1958) Komárek and Anagnostidis 1989的异名
• Anabaena reniformis Lemmermann 1898，为Sphaerospermopsis reniformis (Lemmermann 1898) Zapomělová et al. 2010的异名
• Anabaena repens Behre 1956^[10]
• 陕西鱼腥藻 Anabaena shensiensis Jao
• 暹罗鱼腥藻 Anabaena siamensis Antarikanonda 1985，为Cronbergia siamensis (Antarikanonda 1985) Komárek et al. 2010的异名
• Anabaena sigmoidea Nygaard 1949，为Dolichospermum sigmoideum (Nygaard 1949) Wacklin et al. 2009的异名
• Anabaena skujaelaxa Komárek and Zapomělová 2007，也拼作Anabaena skujaelaxum
• Anabaena smithii (Komárek 1958) Watanabe 1992，为Dolichospermum smithii (Komárek 1958) Wacklin et al. 2009的异名
• Anabaena solitaria Klebahn 1895，为Dolichospermum solitarium (Klebahn 1895) Wacklin et al. 2009的异名
  • Anabaena solitaria f. spiralis^[11]
• 球孢鱼腥藻 Anabaena sphaerica Bornet and Flahault 1886
  • 球孢鱼腥藻小型变种 Anabaena sphaerica var. tenuis west
• Anabaena spinosa Laloraya and Mitra 1972^[3]
• 螺旋鱼腥藻 Anabaena spiroides Klebahn 1895，为Dolichospermum spiroides (Klebahn 1895) Wacklin et al. 2009的异名
  • Anabaena spiroides f. baltica (Schmidt 1899) Pankow 1965^[12]
  • Anabaena spiroides f. hassallii^[12]
  • Anabaena spiroides f. tumida (Nygaard 1945) Pankow 1965，为Anabaena perturbata f. tumida (Nygaard 1945) Cronberg and Komárek 1994的异名
• Anabaena steloides Canabaeus 1929，为Trichormus steloides (Canabaeus 1929) Komárek and Anagnostidis 1989的异名
• Anabaena subcylindrica Borge 1921
• 娇柔鱼腥藻 Anabaena subdelicatula Jao
• Anabaena tanganyikae West 1907
• Anabaena tenericaulis Nygaard 1949
• Anabaena thermophila Schwabe 1947
• Anabaena torquesreginae Komárek 1984，为Sphaerospermopsis torquesreginae (Komárek 1984) Werner et al. 2012的异名
• Anabaena toruloides Archibald 1967
• 扭曲鱼腥藻 Anabaena torulosa Lagerheim ex Bornet and Flahault 1886
• Anabaena tsugaruensis Watanabe 2006
• 中亚鱼腥藻 Anabaena turkestanica (Kiselev 1931) Komárek 2005
• 乌克兰鱼腥藻 Anabaena ucrainica (Schkorb.)Watanabe 1996
• Anabaena unispora Gardner 1927，为Macrospermum unisporum (Gardner 1927) Komárek 2008的异名
• Anabaena utermoehlii Geitler 1925
• Anabaena vaginicola Fritsch and Rich 1929，为Anabaenothrix vaginicola (Fritsch and Rich 1929) Randhawa 1936的异名
  • Anabaena vaginicola var. minor Laloraya and Mitra 1972^[3]
• 多变鱼腥藻 Anabaena variabilis Kützing ex Bornet and Flahault 1886，为Trichormus variabilis (Kützing ex Bornet and Flahault 1886) Komárek and Anagnostidis 1989的异名
  • Anabaena variabilis var. tenuis Laloraya and Mitra 1972^[3]
• Anabaena verrucosa Petersen 1923
• Anabaena viguieri Denis and Frémy 1924，为Dolichospermum viguieri (Denis and Frémy 1924) Wacklin et al. 2009的异名
• 浮氏鱼腥藻 Anabaena volzii Lemmermann 1905，为Macrospermum volzii (Lemmermann 1905) Komárek 2008的异名
• Anabaena werneri Brunnthaler 1903，为Dolichospermum werneri (Brunnthaler 1903) Wacklin et al. 2009的异名
• Anabaena willei Gardner 1927
• 云南鱼腥藻 Anabaena yunnanensis Li
• Anabaena zinserlingii Kossinskaja 1929，为Dolichospermum zinserlingii (Kossinskaja 1929) Wacklin et al. 2009的异名

参见

1. Anabaena Bory de Saint-Vincent ex Bornet & Flahault, 1886: 180, 224
2. 杨丽, 虞功亮, 李仁辉. 中国鱼腥藻属的八个新记录种[J]. 水生生物学报, 2009.
3. Laloraya VK, Mitra AK. Some new Anabaena from paddy fields of India. Phykos 1972; 10:118-126.
4. Schmidt J. Denmarks blaagrønne Alger (Cyanophyceae Daniae I. Hormogoneae. Botanisk Tidsskrift 1899; 22:283-419.
5. Archibald CGM. [Title pending]. Nova Hedwigia 1967; 12:537.
6. Skuja H. Grundzüge der Algenflora und Algenvegetation der Fjeldgegenden um Abisko in Schwedisch-Lappland. Nova Acta Regiae Societatis Scientiarum Upsaliensis 1964; 18:1-465.
7. Skuja H. Taxonomische und biologische Studien über das Phytoplankton schwedischer Binnengewässer. Nova Acta Regiae Societatis Scientiarum Upsaliensis, Series IV 1956; 16:1-404.
8. Gardner NL. The Myxophyceae of Porto Rico and the Virgin Islands. N.Y. Acad. Sci., Sci. Surv. Porto Rico & Virgin Is. 1932; 8:289.
9. Gardner NL. New Myxophyceae from Porto Rico. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 1927; 7:1-144.
10. Behre K. Die Algenbesiedlung einiger Seen um Bremen und Bremerhaven. Veröff. Inst. Meeresf. Bremerhaven 1956; 4:221-383.
11. Skuja H. Taxonomische und biologische Studien über das Phytoplankton schwedischer Binnengewässer. Nova Acta Regiae Societatis Scientiarum Upsaliensis, Series IV 1956; 16:1-404.
12. Pankow H. [Title pending]. Limnologica 1965; 3:164.