遮罗迦本集

遮罗迦本集（梵语：चरक संहिता，罗马化：caraka-saṃhitā）是一部以梵语撰写的阿育吠陀（印度传统医学）文献^[1][2]。它与《妙闻集（英语：Sushruta Samhita）》共同为古印度在此领域中流传下来的两部基础文献^[3][4][5]。

该书据称内容首先由阿特里雅教授，此后由阿格尼维夏编纂成书，并由遮罗迦（英语：Charaka）修订，如今留存的手稿都是经过陀哩陀波罗（Dridhabala）编辑过的^[6]。

公元2世纪前的正文包括8部书和120章节^[7][8]。其描述了古代关于人体、各种疾病的原因论、症状学以及药理学的理论^[9]。书中还包括了一些描述饮食、卫生、预防、医学教育之重要性的章节，以及恢复健康所需的医生、护士和病人的合作^[10][11][12]。

参考资料

1. Meulenbeld, G. J. A History of Indian Medical Literature (Groningen, 1999-2002), vol. IA, pp. 7-180. OCLC 165833440.
2. Valiathan, M. S. (2003) The Legacy of Caraka Orient Longman ISBN 81-250-2505-7 reviewed in Current Science, Vol.85 No.7 Oct 2003, Indian Academy of Sciences seen at [1] （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） June 1, 2006
3. E. Schultheisz (1981), History of Physiology, Pergamon Press, ISBN 978-0080273426, page 60-61, Quote: "(...) the Charaka Samhita and the Susruta Samhita, both being recensions of two ancient traditions of the Hindu medicine".
4. Wendy Doniger (2014), On Hinduism, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0199360079, page 79, Quote: A basic assumption of Hindu medical texts like the Charaka Samhita (composed sometime between 100 BCE and 100 CE) is the doctrine of the three (...);
   Sarah Boslaugh (2007), Encyclopedia of Epidemiology, Volume 1, SAGE Publications, ISBN 978-1412928168, page 547, Quote: "The Hindu text known as Sushruta Samhita (600 AD) is possibly the earliest effort to classify diseases and injuries"
5. Thomas Banchoff (2009), Religious pluralism, globalization, and world politics, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0195323412, page 284, Quote: An early Hindu text, the Caraka Samhita, vividly describes the beginning of life (...)
6. Bhavana KR and Shreevathsa. Medical geography in Charaka Samhita.. Ayu. 2014, 35 (4): 371–377. PMC 4492020 . PMID 26195898. doi:10.4103/0974-8520.158984.
7. Balodhi JP. Constituting the outlines of a philosophy of ayurveda: mainly on mental health import.. Indian J Psychiatry. 1987, 29 (2): 127–31. PMC 3172459 . PMID 21927226.
8. Meulenbeld, Gerrit Jan. Caraka, his identity and date. A History of Indian Medical Literature. Groningen: E. Forsten. 1999-01-01. IA, part 1, chapter 10. ISBN 978-9069801247. OCLC 42207455 （英语）.
9. Ariel Glucklich. The Strides of Vishnu: Hindu Culture in Historical Perspective. Oxford University Press, USA. 2008: 141–142. ISBN 978-0-19-531405-2.
10. Robert Svoboda. Ayurveda: Life, Health and Longevity. Penguin Books. 1992: 189–190. ISBN 978-0140193220.
11. MS Valiathan (2009), An Ayurvedic view of life, Current Science, Volume 96, Issue 9, pages 1186-1192
12. F.A. Hassler, Charaka Samhita （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Science, Vol. 22, No. 545, pages 17-18