腔室症候群

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腔室症候群是对肢体、生命产生威胁的一种状况，是由于身体某部位神经、血管及肌肉在一个封闭的空间（腔室）中受到压迫^[1]。起因于腔室中升高的压力，造成血管灌流不足，导致组织缺氧而坏死。腔室症候群最常发生在前臂及小腿，^[2] 并可分成急性、亚急性及慢性腔室症候群。根据兰金（Rankin, 1981）的定义，腔室症候群的起因是一个密闭空间中的压力，使得该空间的循环及组织功能的受到阻碍。

腔室症候群
小腿施行肌膜切开术，并覆盖着植皮的样子。
类型	缺血、疾病
分类和外部资源
医学专科	急诊医学
ICD-10	M62.2, T79.6
ICD-9-CM	729.7, 958.9
DiseasesDB	3028
MedlinePlus	001224
eMedicine	emerg/739
MeSH	D003161

原因

因为组成腔室的结缔组织延展性降低使得流经该腔室的血流量减少，或是由于腔室中肌肉的肿胀造成腔室中压力的剧烈升高。常造成腔室症候群的原因包括胫骨或前臂骨折，由于组织的伤害、出血、血管穿刺、静脉药物注射，长时间固定、肢体的压迫，粉碎性的伤害及烧烫伤造成的再灌注性损伤。^[3][4] 另一个可能的原因是由于服用肌氨酸，有研究指出服用肌氨酸的病史与腔室症候群有一定关系。^[5][6]

参考资料

1. 存档副本. [2011-12-28]. （原始内容存档于2011-09-04）.
2. Medline Plus. URL: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001224.htm （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Accessed 23 December 2009
3. Konstantakos EK, Dalstrom DJ, Nelles ME, Laughlin RT, Prayson MJ. Diagnosis and management of extremity compartment syndromes: an orthopaedic perspective. Am Surg. December 2007, 73 (12): 1199–209. PMID 18186372.
4. Maerz L, Kaplan LJ. Abdominal compartment syndrome. Crit. Care Med. April 2008, 36 (4 Suppl): S212–5. PMID 18382196. doi:10.1097/CCM.0b013e318168e333. （原始内容存档于2018-10-01）.
5. Potteiger JA, Carper MJ, Randall JC, Magee LJ, Jacobsen DJ, Hulver MW. Changes in Lower Leg Anterior Compartment Pressure Before, During, and After Creatine Supplementation (PDF). J Athl Train. June 2002, 37 (2): 157–163. PMC 164339 . PMID 12937429. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2008-12-17）.
6. Hile AM, Anderson JM, Fiala KA, Stevenson JH, Casa DJ, Maresh CM. Creatine supplementation and anterior compartment pressure during exercise in the heat in dehydrated men. J Athl Train. 2006, 41 (1): 30–5. PMC 1421498 . PMID 16619092.

延伸阅读

• Floyd R. and Thompson C. Manual of Structural Kinesiology 17th Ed., McCrawHill. ISBN 978-0-07-337643-1
• Blackman, Paul G.. "A review of chronic exertional compartment syndrome in the lower leg." Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 32.3 (supp): S4-S10.
• Hamill, J and Knutzem KM. Biomechanical Basis of Human Movement, 3rd Ed. Lippincott Williams&Wilkins. ISBN 978-0-7817-9128-1
• Leung, Y.F., Ip, S.P., Chung, O.M., Wai, Y.L., (2003, June). Unimuscular neuromuscular insult of the leg in partial anterior compartment syndrome in a patient with combined fractures. Hong Kong Medical Journal, 9.
• Rankin, E.A., Andrews, G. (1981, December). Anterior tibial compartmental syndrome: an unusual presentation. Journal of the National Medical Association, 73.
• Rorabeck, C.H., (1984, January). The treatment of compartment syndromes of the leg. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery-British, 66-B. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/20110724152659/http://web.jbjs.org.uk/cgi/content/abstract/66-B/1/93
• Shadgan, B., et. al. (2010, October). Current thinking about acute compartment syndrome of the lower extremity, Canadian Journal of Surgery, 53.
• Shears, E., Porter, K. (2006). Acute compartment syndrome of the limb. Trauma, 8.
• Touliopolous, S., Hershman, E.B., (1999, March). Lower leg pain: diagnosis and treatment of compartment syndromes and other pain syndromes of the leg. Sports Medicine, 27.

外部链接

• Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome detailed at MayoClinic.com （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• 杜克大学医学中心整形外科计划中的Compartment syndrome
• 05-062a. at Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy（英语：Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy） Home Edition
• Fasciotomy, Chronic Venous Insufficiency, and the Calf Muscle Pump （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• Compartment syndrome
• Saphenous nerve injury after fasciotomy for compartment syndrome （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• American Association of Orthopaedic Surgeons Compartment Syndrome （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）