纽约知识分子

纽约知识分子（英语：New York Intellectuals）是20世纪中期定居在纽约市的美国作家和文学评论家的总称。他们大多是犹太人，主张左翼政治，同时坚决反对斯大林主义。该组织寻求将文学理论与马克思主义和社会主义相结合，拒绝将苏联社会主义视为可行或可接受的政治模式。

这些反斯大林主义的马克思主义者普遍持有托洛茨基主义观点。欧文·克里斯托、欧文·豪、西摩·马丁·利普塞特、莱斯利·费德勒（英语：Leslie Fiedler）和内森·格莱泽是托洛茨基主义青年人民社会主义联盟（英语：Young People's Socialist League (1907)）的成员。

[1]
Wald, Alan M. The New York Intellectuals: The Rise and Decline of the Anti-Stalinist Left from the 1930s to the 1980s. UNC Press Books. 1987: 210 [22 June 2020]. ISBN 978-0-8078-4169-3. （原始内容存档于2020-09-19）（英语）.
[2]
Brick, Howard. Daniel Bell and the decline of intellectual radicalism : social theory and political reconciliation in the 1940s. Madison, Wis: University of Wisconsin Press. 1986: 60-61,90,148. ISBN 978-0-299-10550-1. OCLC 12804502.
[3]
Wilford, Hugh. Playing the CIA's Tune? The New Leader and the Cultural Cold War. Diplomatic History (Oxford University Press (OUP)). 2003, 27 (1): 15–34. ISSN 0145-2096. doi:10.1111/1467-7709.00337.
[4]
Howe 1970，第226页.
[5]
Wald, Alan M. The New York Intellectuals: The Rise and Decline of the Anti-Stalinist Left from the 1930s to the 1980s. UNC Press Books. 1987: 50 [22 June 2020]. ISBN 978-0-8078-4169-3. （原始内容存档于2020-08-31）（英语）.
[6]
Michael HOCHGESCHWENDER "The cultural front of the Cold War: the Congress for cultural freedom as an experiment in transnational warfare" Ricerche di storia politica, issue 1/2003, pp. 35-60
[7]
Wald, Alan M. The New York Intellectuals: The Rise and Decline of the Anti-Stalinist Left from the 1930s to the 1980s. UNC Press Books. 1987: 141 [22 June 2020]. ISBN 978-0-8078-4169-3. （原始内容存档于2020-09-19）（英语）.

成员