磷（原子量：30.973761998(5)）共有23个同位素，其中31P是稳定的，其他都具有放射性。30P是人类获得的第一种人工放射性同位素。
Quick Facts 同位素, 衰变 ...
主要的磷同位素|
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| 标准原子质量 (Ar, 标准) | - 7001309737619980000♠30.973761998(5)[1]
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More information 符号, Z ...
| 符号
|
Z
|
N
|
同位素质量（u）
[n 1][n 2]
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半衰期
[n 1][n 2]
|
衰变
方式[2]
|
衰变
产物
[n 3]
|
原子核
自旋[n 1]
|
相对丰度
（莫耳分率）
|
| 24P
|
15
|
9
|
24.03435(54)#
|
无数据
|
p (>99.9%)
|
23Si
|
(1+)#
|
|
| β+ (<.1%)
|
24Si
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| 25P
|
15
|
10
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25.02026(21)#
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<30 ns
|
p
|
24Si
|
(1/2+)#
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|
| 26P[n 4]
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15
|
11
|
26.01178(21)#
|
43.7(6) ms
|
β+ (98.1%)
|
26Si
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(3+)
|
|
| β+, 2p (1.0%)
|
24Mg
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| β+, p (.9%)
|
25Al
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| 27P
|
15
|
12
|
26.999230(28)
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260(80) ms
|
β+ (99.93%)
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27Si
|
1/2+
|
|
| β+, p (.07%)
|
26Al
|
| 28P
|
15
|
13
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27.992315(4)
|
270.3(5) ms
|
β+ (99.99%)
|
28Si
|
3+
|
|
| β+, p (.0013%)
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27Al
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| β+, α (8.6×10−4%)
|
24Mg
|
| 29P
|
15
|
14
|
28.9818006(6)
|
4.142(15) s
|
β+
|
29Si
|
1/2+
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| 30P
|
15
|
15
|
29.9783138(3)
|
2.498(4) min
|
β+
|
30Si
|
1+
|
|
31
P
|
15
|
16
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30.97376163(20)
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稳定
|
1/2+
|
1.0000
|
32
P
|
15
|
17
|
31.97390727(20)
|
14.263(3) d
|
β−
|
32S
|
1+
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痕量
|
| 33P
|
15
|
18
|
32.9717255(12)
|
25.34(12) d
|
β−
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33S
|
1/2+
|
|
| 34P
|
15
|
19
|
33.973636(5)
|
12.43(8) s
|
β−
|
34S
|
1+
|
|
| 35P
|
15
|
20
|
34.9733141(20)
|
47.3(7) s
|
β−
|
35S
|
1/2+
|
|
| 36P
|
15
|
21
|
35.978260(14)
|
5.6(3) s
|
β−
|
36S
|
4−#
|
|
| 37P
|
15
|
22
|
36.97961(4)
|
2.31(13) s
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β−
|
37S
|
1/2+#
|
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| 38P
|
15
|
23
|
37.98416(11)
|
0.64(14) s
|
β− (88%)
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38S
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|
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| β−, n (12%)
|
37S
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| 39P
|
15
|
24
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38.98618(11)
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190(50) ms
|
β− (74%)
|
39S
|
1/2+#
|
|
| β−, n (26%)
|
38S
|
| 40P
|
15
|
25
|
39.99130(15)
|
153(8) ms
|
β− (70%)
|
40S
|
(2−,3−)
|
|
| β−, n (30%)
|
39S
|
| 41P
|
15
|
26
|
40.99434(23)
|
100(5) ms
|
β− (70%)
|
41S
|
1/2+#
|
|
| β−, n (30%)
|
40S
|
| 42P
|
15
|
27
|
42.00101(48)
|
48.5(15) ms
|
β− (50%)
|
42S
|
|
|
| β−, n (50%)
|
41S
|
| 43P
|
15
|
28
|
43.00619(104)
|
36.5(15) ms
|
β−, n
|
42S
|
1/2+#
|
|
| 44P
|
15
|
29
|
44.01299(75)#
|
18.5(25) ms
|
β−
|
44S
|
|
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| 45P
|
15
|
30
|
45.01922(86)#
|
8# ms [>200 ns]
|
β−
|
45S
|
1/2+#
|
|
| 46P
|
15
|
31
|
46.02738(97)#
|
4# ms [>200 ns]
|
β−
|
46S
|
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Close
画上#号的数据代表没有经过实验的证明，仅为理论推测。
Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2022-05-04. ISSN 1365-3075. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603 （英语）.
- Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.
