甲酰氰(英语:Formyl cyanide)是一种简单的有机化合物,化学式 HCOCN。它由氰基和醛基组成。甲酰氰是最简单的酰基氰化物。它存在于人马座B2的分子云。[1]
Quick Facts 甲酰氰, 识别 ...
Close
甲酰氰是由甲氧基乙腈在 600 °C分解而成的。它也可以由丙烯基苯氧基乙腈[2]或烯丙氧基乙腈加热分解而成。[3][4]
在分子云中,甲酰氰可以由甲醛和氰基自由基反应而成:[5]
- CH2O + CN• → HCOCN + H•
在地球大气中,污染物丙烯腈和羟基自由基反应,形成甲酰氰、超氧酸和甲醛:[6]
- CH2=CHCN + OH• + 1.5 O2 → HO2 + HCOCN + CH2O
通过卤代反应,可以形成甲酰氯氰 ClC(O)CN和甲酰溴氰 BrC(O)CN。[7]
Lewis-Bevan, Wyn; Gaston, Rick D.; Tyrrell, James; Stork, Wilmer D.; Salmon, Gary L. Formyl cyanide: a stable species. Experimental and theoretical studies. Journal of the American Chemical Society. March 1992, 114 (6): 1933–1938. doi:10.1021/ja00032a001.
Bogey, M.; Demuynck, C.; Destombes, J.L.; Vallee, Y. Millimeter-Wave Spectrum of Formyl Cyanide, HCOCN: Centrifugal Distortion and Hyperfine Structure Analysis. Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy. August 1995, 172 (2): 344–351. Bibcode:1995JMoSp.172..344B. doi:10.1006/jmsp.1995.1183.
Remijan, Anthony J.; Hollis, J. M.; Lovas, F. J.; Stork, Wilmer D.; Jewell, P. R.; Meier, D. S. Detection of Interstellar Cyanoformaldehyde (CNCHO). The Astrophysical Journal. 10 March 2008, 675 (2): L85–L88. Bibcode:2008ApJ...675L..85R. doi:10.1086/533529.
Pasinszki, Tibor; Vass, Gábor; Klapstein, Dieter; Westwood, Nicholas P. C. Generation, Spectroscopy, and Structure of Cyanoformyl Chloride and Cyanoformyl Bromide, XC(O)CN. The Journal of Physical Chemistry A. 5 April 2012, 116 (13): 3396–3403. Bibcode:2012JPCA..116.3396P. PMID 22409314. doi:10.1021/jp301528q.