猕猴(学名:Macaca)是猴科的一属,是亚洲和北非地区最常见的一类猴,也称为猢狲[1]。除人类以外,猕猴是在全球分布最广泛的灵长类动物。现在已知的猕猴共有23种,分布在亚洲、北非和南欧。是杂食性动物。
Quick Facts 猕猴, 科学分类 ...
猕猴
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印尼巴厘岛的食蟹猕猴(Macaca fascicularis)
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科学分类
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界:
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动物界 Animalia
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门:
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脊索动物门 Chordata
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纲:
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哺乳纲 Mammalia
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目:
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灵长目 Primates
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科:
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猴科 Cercopithecidae
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亚科:
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猕猴亚科 Cercopithecinae
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族:
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狒狒族 Papionini
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属:
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猕猴属 Macaca Lacepede, 1799
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模式种
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地中海猕猴 Macaca sylvanus
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种
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见内文
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异名
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- Aulaxinus Cocchi, 1872
- Aulaxinus Lydekker, 1889
- Aulaxinuus Cocchi, 1872
- Cynamolgus Reichenbach, 1863
- Cynomacaca Khajuria, 1953
- Cynomolgus Reichenbach, 1862
- Cynomolgus Trouessart, 1904
- Cynopithecus É.Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1835
- Cynopythecus Lesson, 1840
- Gymnopyga Gray, 1866
- Innus Geoffroy & Cuvier, 1819
- Innuus Berthold, 1827
- Inuus É.Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1812
- Lyssodes Gistel, 1848
- Macaco Oken, 1817
- Macacus Desmarest, 1820
- Magotus Ritgen, 1824
- Magus Lesson, 1827
- Maimon Wagner, 1839
- Nemestrinus Reichenbach, 1862
- Ouanderou Lesson, 1840
- Pithecus Geoffroy, 1812
- Pithes Burnett, 1828
- Rhesus Lesson, 1840
- Salmacis Gloger, 1841
- Silenus Goldfuss, 1820
- Sylvanus Oken, 1816
- Vetulus Reichenbach, 1862
- Zati Reichenbach, 1862
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Close
猕猴也常被用于进行各种医学试验;西藏一些地区的神话传说中,则有猕猴逐渐变成人类、人类起源自猕猴的说法[2][3]。
本属包括以下物种:
- Macaca anderssoni Schlosser, 1924
- 红面短尾猴 Macaca arctoides (I.Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1831)
- 熊猴 Macaca assamensis (McClelland, 1840)
- 台湾猕猴 Macaca cyclopis (Swinhoe, 1863)
- Macacus eocaenus Owen, 1846
- 食蟹猕猴 Macaca fascicularis (Raffles, 1821)
- 日本猕猴 Macaca fuscata (Blyth, 1875)
- 黑克猕猴 Macaca hecki (Matschie, 1901)
- Macaca jiangchuanensis Pan et al., 1992
- 北方豚尾猕猴 Macaca leonina (Blyth, 1863)
- 白颊猕猴 Macaca leucogenys Li, Zhao & Fan, 2015
- Macaca libyca Stromer, 1920
- 灰肢猕猴 Macaca maura (Schinz, 1825)
- 普通猕猴 Macaca mulatta (Zimmermann, 1780)
- 藏南猕猴 Macaca munzala Sinha, Datta, Madhusudan & Mishra, 2005
- 南方豚尾猕猴 Macaca nemestrina (Linnaeus, 1766)
- 黑冠猕猴 Macaca nigra (Desmarest, 1822)
- 浅黑猕猴 Macaca nigrescens (Temminck, 1849)
- 穿靴猕猴 Macaca ochreata (Ogilby, 1841)
- 明打威猕猴 Macaca pagensis (Miller, 1903)
- Macaca prisca Gervais, 1859
- Macacus priscus Gervais, 1859
- 冠毛猕猴 Macaca radiata (É.Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1812)
- Macacus robustus Young
- Macaca selai Ghosh, Thakur, Singh, Dutta, Sharma, Chandra & Banerjee, 2022[4]
- 西比路猕猴 Macaca siberu Fuentes & Olson, 1995,灰肢猕猴
- 狮尾猕猴 Macaca silenus (Linnaeus, 1758)
- 斯里兰卡猕猴 Macaca sinica (Linnaeus, 1771)
- Macacus sivalensus Lydekker, 1878
- 地中海猕猴 Macaca sylvanus (Linnaeus, 1758)
- 藏酋猴 Macaca thibetana (A.Milne-Edwards, 1870)
- 通金猕猴 Macaca tonkeana (Meyer, 1899)
- 归入本属的物种:
- Aulaxinuus florentinus Cocchi, 1872
Avijit Ghosh, Mukesh Thakur, Sujeet K. Singh, Ritam Dutta,Lalit K. Sharma, Kailash Chandra and Dhriti Banerjee. 2022. The Sela Macaque (Macaca selai) is A Distinct Phylogenetic Species that evolved from the Arunachal Macaque following Allopatric Speciation. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. In Press, 107513. DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107513