特鲁斯马迪山猪笼草

特鲁斯马迪山猪笼草
	特鲁斯马迪山猪笼草的上位笼
保护状况
	极危
科学分类
界：	植物界 Plantae
演化支：	维管植物 Tracheophyta
演化支：	被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支：	真双子叶植物 Eudicots
目：	石竹目 Caryophyllales
科：	猪笼草科 Nepenthaceae
属：	猪笼草属 Nepenthes
种：	特鲁斯马迪山猪笼草 N. × trusmadiensis
二名法
	Nepenthes × trusmadiensis; Marabini (1983)

特鲁斯马迪山猪笼草（学名：N. × trusmadiensis），又称土鲁斯玛迪猪笼草^[3]或简称作TM猪笼草，是由劳氏猪笼草（N. lowii）和大叶猪笼草（N. macrophylla）杂交得到的猪笼草自然杂交种。其仅存在于婆罗洲特鲁斯马迪山，也因此而得名。^[3]^[4]

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植物学史

1983年，约翰内斯·马拉维尼（Johannes Marabini）和约翰·布里格斯（John Briggs）在特鲁斯马迪山上发现了特鲁斯马迪山猪笼草。^[2]约翰·布里格斯对于该发现这样写道：^{[注 1]}^[5]^[6]

“

约上午8点，我们即将离开山顶的时候，约翰内斯·马拉维尼从茂密的灌木丛中出现……拿着两个巨大捕虫笼。其最突出的特征是其巨大的尺寸，大于任何存在于特鲁斯马迪山的猪笼草。后来，我们意识到这是婆罗洲猪笼草中捕虫笼第二大的，仅次于基纳巴卢山的马来王猪笼草……有证据表明，这种新发现的猪笼草是劳氏猪笼草与爱德华猪笼草的自然杂交种。巨大的尺寸也符合这一观点——杂交种的特征。我们没有时间考察这一新类群的分别。因此，我们采集了一些标本后就启程下山了，花了三天时间回到坦布南。

”

形态特征

特鲁斯马迪山猪笼草的叶片具柄，可长达50厘米。捕虫笼可高达35厘米，是婆罗洲猪笼草物种中较大的一种。^[6]^[7]其表现为亲本的中间型。笼盖如劳氏猪笼草般外翻，下表面具短毛须。^[4]唇具突出的唇肋和唇齿，但不如大叶猪笼草发达。^[8]特鲁斯马迪山猪笼草的花序可长达50厘米，每个花梗带2朵花。^[5]尽管其捕虫笼较大，该自然杂交种植株的体型并不大。 ^[4]

生态关系

特鲁斯马迪山猪笼草仅存在于特鲁斯马迪山的顶峰山脊海拔2500米至2600米处。^[5]

注释

[注 1]

约翰·布里格斯叙述发现特鲁斯马迪山猪笼草的原文：^[5]^[6]

“

We were about to leave the summit around 8.00 a.m. when Johannes Marabini emerged from a dense bush [...] holding two huge pitchers quite unlike any other species. The most striking feature was the sheer size of the pitchers—they were bigger than anything else on Trus Madi. Later on, we were to realise that they were the second biggest pitchers of all the Borneo Nepenthes—exceeded only by those of N. rajah on Kinabalu. [...] The evidence strongly suggested the new pitcher-plant was a hybrid of N. lowii and N. edwardsiana. The great size of the pitchers agreed with this idea—being characteristic of hybrids. There was no time to investigate the distribution of this new plant. So, after collecting a few specimens we set off down the mountain for the three-day trek back to Tambunan.

”

参考文献

[1]
von Arx, B., J. Schlauer & M. Groves 2001. CITES Carnivorous Plant Checklist.PDF The Cromwell Press, United Kingdom.
[2]
Marabini, J. 1983. Eine neue Nepenthes-Hybride aus Borneo. Mitteilungen der Botanischen Staatssammlung München 19: 449–452.
[3]
夏洛特. 食蟲植物觀賞&栽培圖鑑. 台北: 商周出版. 2007: 79. ISBN 978-986-124-850-9.
[4]
Clarke, C.M. 1997. Nepenthes of Borneo. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.
[5]
Phillipps, A. & A. Lamb 1996. Pitcher-Plants of Borneo. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.
[6]
Briggs, J.G.R. 1984. The discovery of Nepenthes × trusmadiensis—an impressive new pitcher-plant. Malaysian Naturalist 38(2): 13–15, 18–19.
[7]
Briggs, J.G.R. 1988. Mountains of Malaysia: A Practical Guide and Manual. Longman Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur.
[8]
Clarke, C.M. 2001. A Guide to the Pitcher Plants of Sabah. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.

Fretwell, S. 2013. Back in Borneo to see giant Nepenthes. Part 3: Mt. Trusmadi and Mt. Alab. Victorian Carnivorous Plant Society Journal 109: 6–15.
Marabini, J. 1984. A field trip to Gunong Trusmadi.PDF (442 KiB) Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 13(2): 38–40.
Marabini, J. 1996. re:nepenthes book （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Carnivorous Plant Mailing List, May 30, 1996.
McPherson, S.R. & A. Robinson 2012. Field Guide to the Pitcher Plants of Borneo. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.

扩展阅读

食虫植物照片搜寻引擎中特鲁斯马迪山猪笼草的照片（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

维基共享资源上的相关多媒体资源：特鲁斯马迪山猪笼草维基物种上的相关信息：特鲁斯马迪山猪笼草

[Briggs-7] [注 1]
约翰·布里格斯叙述发现特鲁斯马迪山猪笼草的原文：^[5]^[6]

“ We were about to leave the summit around 8.00 a.m. when Johannes Marabini emerged from a dense bush [...] holding two huge pitchers quite unlike any other species. The most striking feature was the sheer size of the pitchers—they were bigger than anything else on Trus Madi. Later on, we were to realise that they were the second biggest pitchers of all the Borneo Nepenthes—exceeded only by those of N. rajah on Kinabalu. [...] The evidence strongly suggested the new pitcher-plant was a hybrid of N. lowii and N. edwardsiana. The great size of the pitchers agreed with this idea—being characteristic of hybrids. There was no time to investigate the distribution of this new plant. So, after collecting a few specimens we set off down the mountain for the three-day trek back to Tambunan. ”

[1] [1]
von Arx, B., J. Schlauer & M. Groves 2001. CITES Carnivorous Plant Checklist.PDF The Cromwell Press, United Kingdom.

[Marabini1983-2] [2]
Marabini, J. 1983. Eine neue Nepenthes-Hybride aus Borneo. Mitteilungen der Botanischen Staatssammlung München 19: 449–452.

[夏洛特2007-3] [3]
夏洛特. 食蟲植物觀賞&栽培圖鑑. 台北: 商周出版. 2007: 79. ISBN 978-986-124-850-9.

[Clarke-4] [4]
Clarke, C.M. 1997. Nepenthes of Borneo. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.

[P&L-5] [5]
Phillipps, A. & A. Lamb 1996. Pitcher-Plants of Borneo. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.

[Briggs-6] [6]
Briggs, J.G.R. 1984. The discovery of Nepenthes × trusmadiensis—an impressive new pitcher-plant. Malaysian Naturalist 38(2): 13–15, 18–19.

[8] [7]
Briggs, J.G.R. 1988. Mountains of Malaysia: A Practical Guide and Manual. Longman Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur.

[Sabah-9] [8]
Clarke, C.M. 2001. A Guide to the Pitcher Plants of Sabah. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.

[3]

[4]

[1]

[2]

[注 1]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]