氟(原子量:18.9984032(5))共有19个已知同位素,质量数介于13-31之间,其中只有1个是稳定的,其他都具有放射性,因此氟属于单一同位素元素。天然存在的氟同位素只有稳定的19F,而放射性同位素18F是一个很好的正电子源。
图表
More information 符号, Z ...
符号 | Z | N | 同位素质量(u)[2] [n 1][n 2] |
半衰期 [n 1][n 2] |
衰变 方式[3] |
衰变 产物 [n 3] |
原子核 自旋[n 1] |
相对丰度 (莫耳分率) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
激发能量[n 2] | ||||||||
13F[4] | 9 | 4 | 13.04512(54)# | p | 12O | [n 4] | ||
14F | 9 | 5 | 14.03432(4) | 500(60)×10−24 s [910 keV] |
p | 13O | 2− | |
15F | 9 | 6 | 15.017785(15) | 410(60)×10−22 s [1.0(2) MeV] |
p | 14O | (1/2+) | |
16F | 9 | 7 | 16.011460(6) | 11(6)×10−21 s [40(20) keV] |
p | 15O | 0− | |
17F | 9 | 8 | 17.00209524(27) | 64.49(16) s | β+ | 17O | 5/2+ | |
18F[n 5] | 9 | 9 | 18.0009373(5) | 109.771(20) min | β+ | 18O | 1+ | |
18mF | 1121.36(15) keV | 162(7) ns | IT | 18F | 5+ | |||
19 F |
9 | 10 | 18.9984031621(9) | 稳定 | 1/2+ | 1.0000 | ||
20F | 9 | 11 | 19.99998125(3) | 11.163(8) s | β− | 20Ne | 2+ | |
21F | 9 | 12 | 20.9999489(19) | 4.158(20) s | β− | 21Ne | 5/2+ | |
22F | 9 | 13 | 22.002999(13) | 4.23(4) s | β− (89.0%) | 22Ne | 4+,(3+) | |
β−, n (11.0%) | 21Ne | |||||||
23F | 9 | 14 | 23.00353(4) | 2.23(14) s | β− (86.0%) | 23Ne | 5/2+ | |
β−, n (14.0%) | 22Ne | |||||||
24F | 9 | 15 | 24.0081(1) | 400(50) ms | β− (94.1%) | 24Ne | (1,2,3)+ | |
β−, n (5.9%) | 23Ne | |||||||
25F | 9 | 16 | 25.01217(10) | 50(6) ms | β− (76.0%) | 25Ne | (5/2+)# | |
β−, n (24.0%) | 24Ne | |||||||
26F | 9 | 17 | 26.02005(11) | 9.6(8) ms | β− (68.0%) | 26Ne | 1+ | |
β−, n (32.0%) | 25Ne | |||||||
26m F |
6987103084035173580♠643.4(1) keV | 6997220000000000000♠2.2(1) ms | IT (6999820000000000000♠82(11)%) | 26 F |
(4+) | |||
β−n (6999120000000000000♠12(8)%) | 25 Ne | |||||||
27F | 9 | 18 | 27.02698(13) | 4.9(2) ms | β− | 27Ne | 5/2+# | |
28F | 9 | 19 | 28.03586(13) | <40 ns | n | 27F | ||
29F | 9 | 20 | 29.04310(56) | 2.6(3) ms | β− | 29Ne | 5/2+# | |
30F[5] | 9 | 21 | 30.05256(54)# | n | 29F | |||
31F | 9 | 22 | 31.06102(57)# | 1# ms [>260 ns] | 5/2+# |
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氟-18
氟-19
氟-19是氟的唯一一种稳定同位素。它在天然氟里面占了100%,没有其它的同位素存在于自然中。它的结合能为147801 keV。氟-19的自旋为1/2,因此可用于氟-19 NMR(英语:Fluorine-19 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy)。
氟-20
氟-21
参考文献
- Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2022-05-04. ISSN 1365-3075. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603 (英语).
- Wang, Meng; Huang, W.J.; Kondev, F.G.; Audi, G.; Naimi, S. The AME 2020 atomic mass evaluation (II). Tables, graphs and references. Chinese Physics C. 2021, 45 (3): 030003. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddaf.
- Universal Nuclide Chart. nucleonica. [2015-09-09]. (原始内容存档于2017-02-19). 含有内容需登入查看的页面 (link)
- Charity, R. J. Observation of the Exotic Isotope 13 F Located Four Neutrons beyond the Proton Drip Line. Physical Review Letters. 2 April 2021, 126 (13): 2501 [5 April 2021]. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.132501. (原始内容存档于2022-05-13).
- Kahlbow, J.; et al. SAMURAI21-NeuLAND Collaboration. Magicity versus Superfluidity around 28O viewed from the Study of 30F. Physical Review Letters. 2024-08-23, 133 (8). ISSN 0031-9007. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.082501.
- National Nuclear Data Center. NuDat 2.x database. Brookhaven National Laboratory.
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.
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