弯曲菌属(学名:Campylobacter),又名曲状杆菌属或弯曲杆菌属,是一种革兰氏阴性细菌的属[1]。曲状杆菌属的型态就是折曲了的一般杆菌,呈“逗号”状或S字型[1]。
本属绝大多数物种均为病原体,而且可感染人类及其他动物。家禽是本属细菌的天然储积所[2][3]:人类进食了受弯曲菌污染的肉食亦会同样受细菌感染致病。另一种感染途径是接触过受细菌感染的动物[4]。本属物种有至少12种可引致人类生病,当中以空肠弯曲菌(C. jejuni)及大肠弯曲菌(C. coli)最为常见[5]。空肠弯曲菌是肠胃炎的主要成因,即使在已发展国家亦如是[5][6]。空肠弯曲杆菌感染也可以传播到艾滋病患者的血液中,而C. lari是儿童复发性腹泻的已知原因[4]。胎儿弯曲杆菌(C. fetus)是造成家牛和绵羊自然流产的其中一种原因,也是人类的机会性病原体[7]。 本属已被发现属于唾液微生物组的一种[8]。
物种
综合各个来源,以下详列本属各物种:[9]
- Campylobacter avium Rossi et al., 2009
- 加拿大弯曲菌 Campylobacter canadensis Inglis et al., 2007
- 大肠弯曲菌 Campylobacter coli (Doyle, 1948) Veron & Chatelain, 1973
- 简明弯曲菌 Campylobacter concisus Tanner et al., 1981
- Campylobacter corcagiensis Koziel et al., 2014
- Campylobacter cuniculorum Zanoni et al., 2009
- 屈曲弯曲菌 Campylobacter curvus (Tanner et al., 1984) Vandamme et al., 1991,曲形弯曲杆菌
- Campylobacter devanensis [10]
- 胎儿弯曲杆菌 Campylobacter fetus (Smith & Taylor, 1919) Sebald & Véron, 1963,胚胎弯曲杆菌
- 胚胎弯曲杆菌胚胎亚种 Campylobacter fetus fetus
- 胚胎弯曲杆菌性病亚种 Campylobacter fetus venerealis
- Campylobacter geochelonis Piccirillo et al., 2016
- 纤细弯曲杆菌 Campylobacter gracilis (Tanner et al., 1981) Vandamme et al., 1995
- 瑞士弯曲菌 Campylobacter helveticus Stanley et al., 1993
- Campylobacter hepaticus Van et al., 2016
- 人弯曲杆菌 Campylobacter hominis Lawson et al., 2001
- 猪肠弯曲菌 Campylobacter hyoilei Alderton et al. 1995
- 豚肠弯曲杆菌 Campylobacter hyointestinalis Gebhardt et al., 1985
- 空肠弯曲杆菌德莱亚种 Campylobacter jejuni doylei
- 空肠弯曲杆菌空肠亚种 Campylobacter jejuni jejuni
- Campylobacter iguaniorum Gilbert et al., 2015
- 海象弯曲杆菌 Campylobacter insulaenigrae Foster, Holmes, Steigerwalt, Lawson, Thorne, Byrer, Ross, Xerry, Thompson & Collins, 2005[11]
- 空肠弯曲菌 Campylobacter jejuni (Jones et al., 1931) Veron & Chatelain, 1973
- 拉尼尔弯曲杆菌 Campylobacter lanienae Logan et al., 2000
- 海鸥弯曲菌 Campylobacter lari ,红嘴鸥弯曲杆菌
- 红嘴鸥弯曲杆菌UPTC变种 Campylobacter lari UPTC
- 海鸟弯曲杆菌 Campylobacter laridis
- Campylobacter lawrenceae 2004[11]
- Campylobacter lawsonii
- Campylobacter majalis Lynch et al. 2022[12]
- 黏膜弯曲菌 Campylobacter mucosalis (Lawson et al., 1981) Roop et al., 1985,黏膜弯曲杆菌
- 黄褐弯曲杆菌 Campylobacter mustelae
- 硝化弯曲杆菌 Campylobacter nitrofigilis
- Campylobacter ornithocola Cáceres et al., 2017
- Campylobacter peloridis Debruyne et al., 2009
- Campylobacter pinnipediorum Gilbert et al. 2017
- Campylobacter porcelli [10]
- 幽门螺杆菌 Campylobacter pylori Marshall et al. 1985,幽门弯曲菌,为Helicobacter pylori (Marshall et al. 1985) Goodwin et al. 1989的异名
- 直肠弯曲菌 Campylobacter rectus (Tanner et al., 1981) Vandamme et al., 1991,直肠弯曲杆菌
- 昭和弯曲菌 Campylobacter showae Etoh et al., 1993,昭和弯曲杆菌
- 唾液弯曲菌 Campylobacter sputorum (Prévot, 1940) Véron & Chatelain, 1973,痰液弯曲杆菌
- 唾液弯曲杆菌牛生物变种 Campylobacter sputorrum bubulus
- 唾液弯曲杆菌粪生物变种 Campylobacter sputorrum fecalis
- Campylobacter subantarcticus Debruyne et al., 2010
- Campylobacter suis Lynch et al. 2022
- Campylobacter taeniopygiae Bryant et al. 2021
- Campylobacter troglodytis Kaur et al. 2023
- 乌普萨拉弯曲菌 Campylobacter upsaliensis Sandstedt & Ursing, 1991,乌普萨拉弯曲杆菌
- Campylobacter ureolyticus (Jackson & Goodman, 1978) Vandamme et al., 2010
- Campylobacter vicugnae [10]
- Campylobacter volucris Debruyne et al., 2010
- Campylobacter vulpis Parisi et al. 2021
参考文献
外部链接
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