基岩,又名底岩、岩床,指的是行星风化层下的一层坚硬岩石。基岩的定义是相当松散的,任何地表松散覆盖层下的坚硬岩石都可以叫做基岩[1]。岩石类型也不定。它可能深藏在地底,但也可能会在山体滑坡等情况发生时露出地表。[2]
![Thumb](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Rockhead_at_Sandside_Bay%2C_Caithness%2C_Scotland.jpg/640px-Rockhead_at_Sandside_Bay%2C_Caithness%2C_Scotland.jpg)
![Thumb](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Horizons.gif/320px-Horizons.gif)
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