作意(梵文与巴利语:manasikāra),佛教术语,指集中注意力,使心识运作。是心所之一,《俱舍论》将它列入大地法,唯识学派将它列为遍行心所。
概论
分类
《品类足论》将作意分为三大类:学作意,无学作意与非学非无学作意[3]。俱舍论分为,胜解作意、自相作意、共相作意三大类。瑜伽师地论分为“胜解作意”(adhimoksa-manaskāra别译:假想观),和“真实作意”。
胜解作意者,如不净观,持息念,四无量,八解脱(aṣṭau-vimokṣāḥ),八胜处(aṣṭāv-abhibhv-āyatanāni),十遍处(daśa-kṛtsnâyatanāni)等;真实作意者,如自相作意(svalakṣaṇa-manasikāra),共相作意(sāmānya-lakṣaṇa-manaskāra),真如作意(tathatā-manasikāra),是对一切法真实事理的作意[4]。
密教观法中,把若离实体,仅依智解作意观想,则称胜解作意,例如观想净土庄严,而以悉昙、尊像等实物为对象者,称之为真实作意[5]。
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