伊顿·阿伦(英语:Ethan Allen,1738年1月21日—1789年2月12日),是佛蒙特州创立的奠基人之一,美国独立战争初期反叛者的民兵军官。
阿伦生于1738年1月21日康涅狄格殖民地利奇菲尔德,以务农、炼铁、贸易为生。1757年阿伦开始在康涅狄格殖民地担任民兵,但不久便卷入新罕布夏赠地风波。当时纽约省与新罕布夏省的开拓者正争夺新罕布夏赠地,而引起法律诉讼,但纽约最高法院的判决却利于纽约。这使纽约省的官员可继续在新罕布夏量地扩张。结果赠地内部分居民转而请求阿伦协助,阻止纽约吏员及开拓者进入境内。
1770年至1774年间,阿伦与亲戚利文伯·柏加及西斯·华纳筹组了绿山兄弟,开始以威吓甚至武力“守卫”新罕布夏赠地,并乘机在该处投资房产。这开启了佛蒙特地区自治的滥觞。1775年美国独立战争爆发,阿伦与绿山兄弟也积极响应。阿伦本人指挥了攻占提康德罗加堡,却在远征加拿大前被绿山兄弟免职。稍后阿伦继续以志愿者身份参战,但于长岬之战被俘,直到1778年才在交换战俘获释。
阿伦在1778年获释后,获大陆军任命为上校,但未再参与战争。返乡后阿伦投身佛蒙特共和国政治,但独立战争结束后,阿伦的政治影响力已不如前。1789年2月11日阿伦中风病逝。
美国家具店伊莎艾伦的名字是为了纪念他。
参考资料
- Bellesiles, Michael A. Revolutionary Outlaws: Ethan Allen and the Struggle for Independence on the Early American Frontier. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia. 1993. ISBN 978-0-8139-1603-3. OCLC 32287980.
- Boatner, Mark M. Encyclopedia of the American Revolution. New York: D. McKay. 1966: 17–18. ISBN 0-8117-0578-1. OCLC 426061.
- Brown, Charles. Ethan Allen: of Green mountain fame, a hero of the revolution. M. A. Donohue. 1902. OCLC 4410200.
- De Goesbriand, Louis. Catholic memoirs of Vermont and New Hampshire. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University. 1886. OCLC 5210201.
- Hall, Henry. Ethan Allen: The Robin Hood of Vermont. New York: D. Appleton and Company. 1895. OCLC 2553977.
- Hemenway, Abby Maria (ed). Vermont Historical Gazetteer, Volume 2. Burlington, VT: self-published. 1871. OCLC 3851423.
- Holbrook, Stewart H. Ethan Allen. New York: The MacMillan Company. 1940. ISBN 0-395-24908-2. OCLC 975403.
- Jellison, Charles A. Ethan Allen: Frontier Rebel. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press. 1969. ISBN 0-8156-2141-8. OCLC 28329.
- Lanctot, Gustave. Canada and the American Revolution 1774–1783. Harvard University Press. 1967. OCLC 70781264.
- Nelson, Paul David. William Tryon and the Course of Empire: a Life in British Imperial Service. Chapel Hill, NC: UNC Press. 1990. ISBN 978-0-8078-1917-3. OCLC 21079316.
- Smith, Justin Harvey. Our Struggle for the Fourteenth Colony: Canada, and the American Revolution, Volume 1. G.P. Putnam's Sons. 1907. OCLC 259236.
- Randall, Willard Sterne. Benedict Arnold: Patriot and Traitor. William Morrow. 1990. ISBN 1-55710-034-9. OCLC 21163135.
- Randall, Williard Sterne. Ethan Allen: His Life and Times. W. W. Norton. 2011. ISBN 978-0-393-07665-3.
- Vermont Committee on Ethan Allen Monument. Report of the Committee Under the Act Providing for the Erection of a Monument Over the Grave of Ethan Allen (1858). Montpelier: E. P. Walton. 1858. OCLC 7471852.
- Vermont Historical Society. Collections of the Vermont Historical Society, Volume 2. Montpelier, VT: Vermont Historical Society. 1871. OCLC 19358021.
- The Ethan Allen Homestead Museum. Ethan Allen Homestead Museum. [2010-08-01]. (原始内容存档于2010-01-11).
Wikiwand in your browser!
Seamless Wikipedia browsing. On steroids.
Every time you click a link to Wikipedia, Wiktionary or Wikiquote in your browser's search results, it will show the modern Wikiwand interface.
Wikiwand extension is a five stars, simple, with minimum permission required to keep your browsing private, safe and transparent.