乞伏步颓(?—?),西秦宗室,陇西鲜卑乞伏傉大寒的儿子,乞伏司繁的弟弟,是西秦国王乞伏国仁的叔父。

前秦天王苻坚入侵东晋的时候,任命乞伏国仁为前将军,统领作为先锋的骑兵。恰巧乞伏国仁的叔父乞伏步颓在陇西反叛,苻坚派乞伏国仁回去讨伐。乞伏步颓听说后,非常高兴,到半路迎接乞伏国仁。乞伏国仁摆好酒大声说:“苻氏使民惫而耀兵,快要灭亡了,我当与诸君共同建立大业。”等到苻坚淝水之战失败后,乞伏国仁于是就胁迫各部族,部众达到了十多万人,建立西秦

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