椎实螺属

椎实螺属（学名：Lymnaea）是一个小型到中型的会呼吸空气的淡水螺的属，皆为水生有肺类腹足纲软体动物，属于椎实螺科^[2]。在北美洲，本属的部分物种在水产业会以“墨兰托螺”的名义发售^[3]。本属亦是椎实螺科的模式属^[4]。

椎实螺属 化石时期：Paleocene至Recent PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N
The large snail is Lymnaea stagnalis
科学分类
界：	动物界 Animalia
门：	软体动物门 Mollusca
纲：	腹足纲 Gastropoda
科：	椎实螺科 Lymnaeidae
亚科：	椎实螺亚科 Lymnaeinae
属：	椎实螺属 Lymnaea Lamarck, 1799[1]
模式种
Helix stagnalis Linnaeus, 1758
异名[2]
Limneus Sandberger, 1875 (invalid: unjustified emendation of Lymnaea) Lymnaea (Kazakhlymnaea) Kruglov & Starobogatov, 1984 Lymnaea (Lymnaea) Lamarck, 1799 Lymnaeus（错误拼写）

物种

以下为部分椎实螺属的物种：

• Lymnaea acuminata
• Lymnaea atkaensis Dall, 1884 - frigid lymnaea
• Lymnaea cailliaudi
• Lymnaea fusca (C. Pfeiffer, 1821)
• Lymnaea fragilis (Linnaeus, 1758)^[5]
• Lymnaea meridensis Bargues, Artigas & Mas-Coma, 2011^[6]
• 静水椎实螺 Lymnaea stagnalis (Linnaeus, 1758)：模式种^[5]
• Lymnaea taurica (Clessin, 1880)^[7]
  • Lymnaea taurica kazakensis Mozley, 1934^[5][7]
• Lymnaea tomentosa Pfeiffer, 1855
  • Lymnaea tomentosa hamiltoni Dell, 1956
• Lymnaea vulnerata Küster, 1862

同种异名：

• Lymnaea (Stagnicola): synonym of Stagnicola Jeffreys, 1830
• Lymnaea arctica Lea, 1864: synonym of Stagnicola arctica (Lea, 1864)
• Lymnaea aruntalis Cotton & Godfrey, 1938: synonym of Austropeplea tomentosa (L. Pfeiffer, 1855)
• Lymnaea auricularia (Linnaeus, 1758)：Radix auricularia (Linnaeus, 1758)的同种异名。
• Lymnaea bulimoides Lea, 1841: synonym of Sphaerogalba bulimoides (Lea, 1841)
• Lymnaea bulla Kobelt, 1881: synonym of Cerasina bulla (Kobelt, 1881)
• Lymnaea catascopium Say, 1816: synonym of Stagnicola catascopium (Say, 1816)
• Lymnaea catascopium Say, 1817: synonym of Ladislavella catascopium (Say, 1817)
• Lymnaea chereshnevi Kruglov & Starobogatov, 1989 : synonym of Radix chereshnevi (Kruglov & Starobogatov, 1989)
• Lymnaea columella: synonym of Pseudosuccinea columella
• Lymnaea cousini^[8]: synonym of Galba cousini
• Lymnaea cubensis^[9] is a synonyms of Galba cubensis
• Lymnaea diaphana King [in King & Broderip], 1832: synonym of Pectinidens diaphanus (King [in King & Broderip], 1832)
• Lymnaea elodes Say, 1821: synonym of Ladislavella elodes (Say, 1821)
• Lymnaea emarginata Say, 1821: synonym of Ladislavella emarginata (Say, 1821)
• Lymnaea gebleri Middendorff, 1851: synonym of Radix gebleri (Middendorff, 1851)
• Lymnaea gracilis Jay, 1839: synonym of Acella haldemani (Binney, 1867)
• Lymnaea hadutkae Kruglov & Starobogatov, 1989: synonym of Radix auricularia (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Lymnaea haldemani Binney, 1867: synonym of Acella haldemani (Binney, 1867)
• Lymnaea heptapotamica Lazareva, 1967: synonym of Orientogalba hookeri (Reeve, 1850)
• Lymnaea hookeri Reeve, 1850: synonym of Orientogalba hookeri (Reeve, 1850)
• Lymnaea involuta Thompson, 1840: synonym of Myxas glutinosa (O. F. Müller, 1774)
• Lymnaea luteola：是synonym of Radix luteola
• Lymnaea magadanensis Kruglov & Starobogatov, 1985: synonym of Pacifimyxas magadanensis (Kruglov & Starobogatov, 1985)
• Lymnaea megasoma Say, 1824: synonym of Bulimnea megasoma (Say, 1824)
• Lymnaea natalensis：是synonym of Radix natalensis
• Lymnaea neotropica Bargues et al., 2007^[9]：是 synonym of Galba neotropica
• Lymnaea ovata: synonym of Radix ovata
• Lymnaea palustris (O. F. Müller, 1774): synonym of Stagnicola palustris (O. F. Müller, 1774)
• Lymnaea parva I. Lea, 1841: synonym of Fossaria parva (I. Lea, 1841)
• Lymnaea peculiaris Hubendick, 1951: synonym of Limnobulla peculiaris (Hubendick, 1951)
• Lymnaea peregra (O. F. Müller, 1774): synonym of Radix peregra (O. F. Müller, 1774) - wandering snail
• Lymnaea rubella Lea, 1841: synonym of Pseudisidora rubella (Lea, 1841)
• Lymnaea rubiginosa Michelin, 1831: synonym of Radix rubiginosa (Michelin, 1831)
• Lymnaea schelechovi Kruglov & Starobogatov, 1989: synonym of Radix schelechovi'' (Kruglov & Starobogatov, 1989)
• Lymnaea thermokamtschatica Kruglov & Starobogatov, 1989: synonym of Radix auricularia (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Lymnaea truncatula (O. F. Müller, 1774): synonym of Galba truncatula (O. F. Müller, 1774)
• Lymnaea vahlii Möller, 1842: synonym of Walhiana vahlii (Möller, 1842)
• Limnaea viatrix:^[9] synonym of Galba viatrix
• † Lymnaea (Galba) kreutzii var. subfusca Łomnicki, 1886 : synonym of † Stagnicola kreutzii (Łomnicki, 1886)

参考文献

1. Lamarck J. B. P. A. de Monet de. Prodrome d'une nouvelle classification des coquilles, comprenant une rédaction appropriée des caractères génériques, et l'établissement d'un grand nombre de genres nouveaux [一种新的贝壳分类的前驱，包括通用特征的适当写法、以及多个新属的建立]. Mémoires de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris 1 [an VII] (Paris, France). 1799: 63–91, 1 tableau. （法语）.
2. Bouchet, P.; Rosenberg, G. Lymnaea Lamarck, 1799. WoRMS. 2013 [2013-06-06].
3. Aquaculture Law Digest (PDF). Ohio Department of Natural Resources (undated). [2014-01-04]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2017-01-24） （英语）.
4. Bouchet, P.; Rocroi, J.-P.; Frýda, J.; Hausdorf, B.; Ponder, W.; Valdés, Á. & Warén, A. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia (Hackenheim, Germany: ConchBooks). 2005, 47 (1–2): 1–397. ISBN 3-925919-72-4. OCLC 61351079. OL 42989175M. S2CID 83847814.
5. Species name begins with: LYMNAEA. AnimalBase. [2017-03-29] （英语）.
6. Bargues, M. D.; Artigas, P.; Khoubbane, M.; Mas-Coma, S. DNA sequence characterisation and phylogeography of Lymnaea cousini and related species, vectors of fascioliasis in northern Andean countries, with description of L. meridensis n. sp. (Gastropoda: Lymnaeidae). Parasites & Vectors. 2011, 4: 132. doi:10.1186/1756-3305-4-132 （英语）.
7. Vinarski, M. V.; Schniebs, K.; Glöer, P.; Son, M. O.; Hundsdoerfer, A. K. The steppe relics: taxonomic study on two lymnaeid species endemic to the former USSR (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Lymnaeidae). Archiv für Molluskenkunde. 2012-06-01, 141 (1): 67–85 [2017-03-10]. doi:10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/141/067-085. （原始内容存档于2018-06-02） （英语）.
8. Correa, A. C.; Escobar, J. S.; Durand, P.; Renaud, F. O.; David, P.; Jarne, P.; Pointier, J. P.; Hurtrez-Boussès, S. Bridging gaps in the molecular phylogeny of the Lymnaeidae (Gastropoda: Pulmonata), vectors of Fascioliasis. BMC Evolutionary Biology. 2010, 10: 381. PMC 3013105 . PMID 21143890. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-10-381.
9. Bargues, M. D.; Artigas, P.; Mera y Sierra, R. L.; Pointier, J. P.; Mas-Coma, S. Characterisation of Lymnaea cubensis, L. Viatrix and L. Neotropica n. Sp., the main vectors of Fasciola hepatica in Latin America, by analysis of their ribosomal and mitochondrial DNA. Annals of tropical medicine and parasitology. 2007, 101 (7): 621–641. PMID 17877881. doi:10.1179/136485907X229077.