枯立木形成于树木死亡一定时间后[1]。枯立木是森林生态系统的重要碳库[1],对森林生态系统碳循环具有重要影响[2]。枯立木能够影响土壤发育、水文、林木生长发育、更新等, 并能为其他生物提供生境[3]

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枞树林中一棵已经枯死的枞树

枯立木的形成包括树木自身衰老死亡、竞争和自疏作用、森林病虫害及野火[4]

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