湘語
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湘語者,屬漢語支也,通行荊南之域。曉湘語者,四千萬許。又分五片,皆甚異也。春秋有楚,其民南遷,合苗越之言生南楚語,此乃湘語之源也。渠本甚異於中原,然漢民南遷,挾漢音和之,成今之湘語。或分三片,曰長益、曰婁邵、曰吉漵,各以長沙、雙峰、漵浦為宗。或另置衡州、永全二片。長益片至眾,聞之湘水之畔、資水下游,又謂新湘語。明初湖廣荒蕪,贛民填之,携贛言焉,後有北人南渡,成是音。衡州之音似長益爾略異,故時人置衡州片。溯資水而上,梅山東麓,可聞婁邵之老湘語,知、章母多作端。是地藏於丘陵,古音益存。或分諸湘中片及寶慶片。
湘南處五嶺之中,山斷隴絕,生異音,謂之湘南土話,時人以之近湘言,故今置永全片,或以為婁邵之別種。梅山西麓,古辰州之域,則有吉漵之言。其近川黔,略似西南官音。
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