羅馬元首及皇帝
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
拂菻陰閉囉咄,陰閉囉咄者,拂菻國帝號也。於共和時本爲將軍號,略當中夏大司馬也。後衍爲拂菻皇帝之帝號。泰西諸國帝號率由是生也。 拂菻本無帝統,帝位在乎都知一切機要爵職,無常號也;雖然,此名最為諸帝信愛,與其帝統終始。
陰閉囉咄,西字Imperator,戒備之義也。蓋本徵備國人使戰者,如司馬之官也。
拂菻國王政時,故事國人議而選一君王已,授之司馬之權。後諸卿大夫逐王,行共和之制,此大司馬之官遂存而不用焉。至於末季,諸將難制,此號遂為獎進武將之榮銜。若大勝多得,諸軍可議而表其大將大司馬,關大夫寮‘可’,乃可獻捷於國焉。然禮畢則奪號矣。
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