癌，亦名曰惡性腫瘤，重疾也。
夫癌，異變於身，亂細胞之正，覃及臟腑，難醫。其由多端，或緣化學物、或自天然，是亦謂之腫瘤，醫惟惡癘，所禍鉅甚，庶人言之，輒莫不色變。稽其所自，殆爾細胞變異也。癌胞之性，獨在於頑，將有以發，罔有休止，狂肆自衍，相爭精氣、養料耳。宿主且歿，癌者與澌滅焉。
南宋楊士瀛《仁齋直指附遺方論》載曰：「癌者，上高下深，巖穴之狀，顆顆累垂，裂如瞽眼，其中帶青，由是簇頭，各露一舌，毒根深藏，穿孔通裡，男則多發於腹，女則多發於乳，或項或肩或臂，外證令人昏迷。」[1]
今有化療、手術、激光為方。
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