天演者,本西國格物家言也。其學以天擇物競二義,綜萬彙之本原、考動植之蕃耗,言治者取焉。因物變遞嬗,深揅乎質力聚散之義,推極乎古今萬國盛衰興壞之由,而大歸以任天為治。赫胥黎氏起而盡變故說,以為天下不可獨任,要貴人以人持天。以人持天,必究極乎天賦之能,使人治日即乎新,而後其國永存,而種族賴以不墜,是之謂與天爭勝。而之爭天而勝天者,又皆天事之所苞。是故天行人治,同歸天演。
![Thumb](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Tianyanlun.jpg/640px-Tianyanlun.jpg)
而今生物天演之則者,始於查爾斯·達爾文。達爾文氏就加拉巴哥群島,觀禽鳥,而得之矣。
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