Qizilishtonlar (Picidae) — qushlar oilasi. 224 turi maʼlum. Madagaskar, Avstraliya, Yangi Gvineya, Yangi Zelandiya va Polineziyadan boshqa hamma joida tarqalgan. Oʻzbekistonda 15 turi uchraydi. Tanasi 8—50 sm. Qizilishtonlar, asosan, daraxtda yashashga moslashgan. Oyogʻi kalta, barmoqlari oʻtkir tirnoqli. Koʻpchiligi mustahkam tumshugʻi, boʻynining kuchli muskulaturasi va baquvvat dum patlari yordamida daraxtga oʻrmalab chiqib, oziq izlaydi (bunda u daraxt poʻstlogʻi yoki yogʻoch qismini tumshugʻi bilan teshadi va uzun, chuvalchangsimon tili bilan hasharot yoki lichinkani tortib oladi). Sahroda hayot kechiruvchi turlari yerda oziqlanadi, baʼzilari daraxt shirasini soʻradi. Qizilishtonlar daraxt yoki gigant kaktuslarga, ayrimlari toshlar orasidagi iniga 3—7 ta tuxum qoʻyadi. Qizilishtonlar oʻrmon xoʻjaligiga hasharot va lichinkalarni yeb foyda, daraxt tanasini teshib zarar keltiradi.
Qisqa faktlar Qizilishton, Ilmiy tasniflash ...
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